AI Article Synopsis
- Japanese Encephalitis is a major global health issue, causing millions of deaths each year and influencing the immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) through microglial cells.
- The review focuses on how microglial cells respond to viral infections by coordinating immune responses and managing inflammation, highlighting the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in neuroinflammation.
- It also discusses potential therapeutic approaches, including current antiviral drugs and strategies to reduce glial cell overactivation, aiming to improve treatment outcomes for Japanese Encephalitis and similar infections.
Article Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis remains a significant global health concern, contributing to millions of deaths annually worldwide. Microglial cells, as key innate immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS), exhibit intricate cellular structures and possess molecular phenotypic plasticity, playing pivotal roles in immune responses during CNS viral infections. Particularly under viral inflammatory conditions, microglial cells orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses to mitigate viral invasion and dampen inflammatory reactions. This review article comprehensively summarizes the pathophysiology of viral invasion into the CNS and the cellular interactions involved, elucidating the roles of various immune mediators, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, in neuroinflammation. Leveraging this knowledge, strategies for modulating inflammatory responses and attenuating hyperactivation of glial cells to mitigate viral replication within the brain are discussed. Furthermore, current chemotherapeutic and antiviral drugs are examined, elucidating their mechanisms of action against viral replication. This review aims to provide insights into therapeutic interventions for Japanese Encephalitis and related viral infections, ultimately contributing to improved outcomes for affected individuals.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13365-024-01212-z | DOI Listing |
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