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Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to investigate if false vocal folds (FVF) or simultaneous FVF with thyroarytenoid (FVF+TA) Botox® injections achieve comparable treatment effects to standard TA injections. This study also aims to determine how patient-reported outcomes contribute to the transition to, and continuation of, FVF or FVF+TA injections.
Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed for all patients receiving Botox® for adductor spasmodic dysphonia at a laryngology practice between 2005 and 2018. Twenty out of 103 patients met the study's inclusion criteria. All subjects began standard treatment with TA injections. Based on response to injection, patients either continued to receive TA injections (group TA; n = 7), switched to FVF injections (group FVF; n = 7), or switched to FVF+TA injections (group FVF+TA; n = 6). A comparison of group means before and after initiation of FVF±TA injections was performed between groups FVF and FVF+TA to group TA for the injection dosage, the duration of injection cycles, the patient-reported duration of best voice, and the presence and duration of breathiness and choking. Within-group observations were also compared before and after FVF±TA injections.
Results: There were no significant findings for the variables between group FVF and group TA before FVF injections. The duration of injection cycles was significantly shorter for group FVF than group TA after FVF injections (95% CI: -66.05, -0.34; P = 0.05). However, duration of best voice quality, breathiness, and choking were similar (P > 0.05) for group FVF to group TA after FVF injections. Group FVF+TA had a significantly shorter duration of injection cycles (95% CI: -66.97, -3.22; P = 0.03), best voice (95% CI: -0.76, -0.03; P = 0.04), and choking (95% CI: -2.68, 0.02; P = 0.05) than group TA before FVF+TA injections. Group FVF+TA displayed a similar duration (P > 0.05) of injection cycles, best voice quality, breathiness, and choking to group TA after FVF+TA injections. Within-group, increased duration of injection cycles and best voice were observed after FVF±TA injections for both group FVF and FVF+TA. Acute adverse events were variable within groups after FVF±TA injections.
Conclusion: This study compared outcomes of FVF or FVF+TA injections to successive TA injections among patients. FVF injections displayed similar duration of best voice quality, breathiness, and choking to TA injections. FVF+TA injections achieved similar duration of injection cycles, best voice quality, breathiness, and choking to TA injections. This study demonstrates that patients guided by a reduced duration of adverse events, while tolerating a shorter injection cycle, may benefit from initiation and continuation of FVF injections. Patients guided by increased duration of injection cycle and best voice, while tolerating the duration of adverse events, may benefit from initiation and continuation of FVF+TA injections.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2024.05.005 | DOI Listing |
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Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) are capable of infecting a variety of insect pests and are widely used as biopesticides worldwide. This study intended to isolate indigenous EPFs from cadavers of and investigate their effects on the fall armyworm (FAW), a globally widespread invasive pest. Morphological and molecular analyses confirmed four native EPF strains all belong to .
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School of Interdisciplinary Studies (Kanchanaburi Campus), Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi, 71150, Thailand.
Background: Global warming-related temperature increases have a substantial effect on plant and human health. The Arabica coffee plant is susceptible to growing in many places across the world where temperatures are rising. This study examines how nanosilicon and seaweed extracts can improve Arabica coffee plant resilience during heat stress treatment (49.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxics
October 2024
College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
In this study, the effects of different concentrations of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) stress on physiological parameters, as well as the uptake and removal of 2,4-DNP in , were investigated using hydroponic simulation experiments to explore the potential of the use of in the phytoremediation of wastewater polluted by 2,4-DNP. The results showed that (net photosynthetic rate), (transpiration rate), (stomatal conductance), (stomatal limitation value), / (maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry), and (photochemical quenching coefficient) of seedlings showed an overall decreasing trend, while (intercellular CO concentration) showed an increasing trend with the increase in 2,4-DNP concentration. The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration showed an opposite trend in the leaves with the increase in 2,4-DNP stress concentration, and the inhibition of net photosynthesis by 2,4-DNP on seedlings was mainly based on non-stomatal factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
September 2024
Laboratorio de Biotoxinas Marinas (LBTx-UdeC), Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
Blooms of the dinoflagellate in Chile, often associated with massive fish kills, have been noted alongside other species from the Kareniaceae family, such as spp. and spp. However, the potential allelopathy impact of Chilean on other phytoplankton species remains unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, 42090, Konya, Turkey. Electronic address:
Heavy metals increase in nature due to anthropogenic activities and negatively impact the growth, progress, and efficiency of plants. Among the toxic metal pollutants that can cause dangerous effects when accumulated by plants, mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) were investigated in this study. These metals typically inhibit important enzymes and halt their functioning, thereby adversely affecting the capability of plants to achieve photosynthesis, respiration, and produce quality crops.
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