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A large-scale transcontinental river system crossed West Antarctica during the Eocene. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Extensive ice coverage in Antarctica hinders research on its environmental and tectonic history before glaciation, which is crucial for understanding its shift into the modern icehouse world.
  • Research from a sediment drill core in the Amundsen Sea shelf reveals that during the Eocene (44 to 34 million years ago), there was a transition toward tectonic activity and climate changes that preceded significant ice sheet formation.
  • The study shows that sediments were deposited in a coastal swamp environment by a long river system, indicating that much of West Antarctica was above sea level but had low topography, preventing large ice sheets from forming.

Article Abstract

Extensive ice coverage largely prevents investigations of Antarctica's unglaciated past. Knowledge about environmental and tectonic development before large-scale glaciation, however, is important for understanding the transition into the modern icehouse world. We report geochronological and sedimentological data from a drill core from the Amundsen Sea shelf, providing insights into tectonic and topographic conditions during the Eocene (~44 to 34 million years ago), shortly before major ice sheet buildup. Our findings reveal the Eocene as a transition period from >40 million years of relative tectonic quiescence toward reactivation of the West Antarctic Rift System, coinciding with incipient volcanism, rise of the Transantarctic Mountains, and renewed sedimentation under temperate climate conditions. The recovered sediments were deposited in a coastal-estuarine swamp environment at the outlet of a >1500-km-long transcontinental river system, draining from the rising Transantarctic Mountains into the Amundsen Sea. Much of West Antarctica hence lied above sea level, but low topographic relief combined with low elevation inhibited widespread ice sheet formation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152126PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn6056DOI Listing

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