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Disorders of Volume: Core Curriculum 2025.
Am J Kidney Dis
December 2024
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, Washington.
Historically, the paradigm for all maladies was associated with an imbalance of the 4 humors: blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. Although our understanding of disease has evolved significantly since the time of Hippocrates, a similar cornerstone of inpatient and ambulatory care involves understanding and correcting imbalances of volume. The kidneys are the principal organs controlling extracellular volume, capable of both sensing and altering salt retention through multiple redundant pathways, including the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedical Histories Associated With Absence of Alzheimer Disease Neuropathologic Changes in the Oldest-Old: The 90+ Study.
Neurology
January 2025
From the Departments of Neurology (S.L., R.R., A.P.-H., M.M.C., C.K.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.C.), and the Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (Z.A.-D., M.M.C., C.K.), University of California, Irvine; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA; and Pathology (T.J.M.), Stanford University, CA.
Objectives: Exploration of medical histories and medications associated with Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) absence and potential resistance may identify protective factors against ADNC. This was a retrospective examination of data from participants age ≥90 years who enrolled in , a longitudinal study based in California. Participants underwent neuropathologic analysis for the presence of neuritic amyloid plaques (NPs) (any), beta amyloid plaques (Thal phase > 0), and neurofibrillary tangles (>2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsycho-Neuro-EndocrinE-Immunology Therapy of Cancer, Autoimmunity, Geriatric Disorders, Covid-19, and Hypertension.
Methods Mol Biol
November 2024
Pontificia Universitad Catolica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Despite the great number of experimental investigations in the area of psycho-neuro-endocrine-immunology showing that endocrine, nervous, and immune systems cannot be in vivo physiologically separated, the diagnosis and therapies of the pathologies of these three functional biological systems continue to be separately performed from a clinical practice point of view. The separation between experimental and clinical medicine became dramatic after the discovery of more than 10 human molecules provided by anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, completely devoid of any toxicity, which may be subdivided into three fundamental classes, consisting of the pineal indole, beta-carboline, and methoxy-kynuramine hormones. Moreover, human systemic diseases, including cancer, autoimmunity, and cardiovascular pathologies, despite their different pathogenesis and symptomatology, are commonly characterized by a progressive decline in the endogenous production of pineal hormones, endocannabinoids, and Ang 1-7, with a consequent inflammatory status and diminished natural resistance against cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHemodynamic management of acute kidney injury.
Curr Opin Crit Care
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care & Perioperative Medicine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris. Paris Saclay University, Paris, France.
Purpose Of Review: To discuss the role of hemodynamic management in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury.
Recent Findings: Acute kidney injury (AKI) may be associated with persistent alterations in renal perfusion, even when cardiac output and blood pressure are preserved. The effects of interventions aiming at increasing renal perfusion are best evaluated by renal Doppler or contrast enhance ultrasound.
Design and cohort characteristics of TRACK, a prospective study of hyperkalaemia management decision-making.
Clin Kidney J
October 2024
CPC Clinical Research, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Background: Guideline-recommended hyperkalaemia management includes dietary potassium (K) restriction, bicarbonate correction, diuretics and K binders with dose reduction of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors as a last resort. The extent to which these recommendations are implemented is uncertain, as real-world data on hyperkalaemia management are limited. The Tracking Treatment Pathways in Adult Patients with Hyperkalemia (TRACK) study is a multinational, prospective, longitudinal study that is being conducted to address this knowledge gap.
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