Gene expression in skeletal muscle of older individuals may reflect compensatory adaptations in response to oxidative damage that preserve tissue integrity and maintain function. Identifying associations between oxidative stress response gene expression patterns and mitochondrial function, physical performance, and muscle mass in older individuals would further our knowledge of mechanisms related to managing molecular damage that may be targeted to preserve physical resilience. To characterize expression patterns of genes responsible for the oxidative stress response, RNA was extracted and sequenced from skeletal muscle biopsies collected from 575 participants (≥70 years old) from the Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging. Expression levels of 21 protein-coding RNAs related to the oxidative stress response were analyzed in relation to six phenotypic measures, including maximal mitochondrial respiration from muscle biopsies (Max OXPHOS), physical performance (VO peak, 400-m walking speed, and leg strength), and muscle size (thigh muscle volume and whole-body D3Cr muscle mass). The mRNA level of the oxidative stress response genes most consistently associated across outcomes are preferentially expressed within the mitochondria. Higher expression of mRNAs that encode generally mitochondria located proteins SOD2, TRX2, PRX3, PRX5, and GRX2 were associated with higher levels of mitochondrial respiration and VO peak. In addition, greater SOD2, PRX3, and GRX2 expression was associated with higher physical performance and muscle size. Identifying specific mechanisms associated with high functioning across multiple performance and physical domains may lead to targeted antioxidant interventions with greater impacts on mobility and independence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acel.14114 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Climate change has caused many challenges to soil ecosystems, including soil salinity. Consequently, many strategies are advised to mitigate this issue. In this context, biochar is acknowledged as a useful addition that can alleviate the detrimental impacts of salt stress on plants.
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December 2024
School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
Cuproptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, has drawn increasing attention for its association with various cancers, though its specific role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. In this study, transcriptomic and clinical data from CRC patients available in the TCGA database were analyzed to investigate the impact of cuproptosis. Differentially expressed genes linked to cuproptosis were identified using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA).
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December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Nanotechnology, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea.
The NS1 binding protein, known for interacting with the influenza A virus protein, is involved in RNA processing, cancer, and nerve cell growth regulation. However, its role in stress response independent of viral infections remains unclear. This study investigates NS1 binding protein's function in regulating stress granules during oxidative stress through interactions with GABARAP subfamily proteins.
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December 2024
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Research has shown various hydrolyzed proteins possessed beneficial physiological functions; however, the mechanism of how hydrolysates influence metabolism is unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of different sources of protein hydrolysates, being the main dietary protein source in extruded diets, on metabolism in healthy adult dogs. Three complete and balanced extruded canine diets were formulated: control chicken meal diet (CONd), chicken liver and heart hydrolysate diet (CLHd), mechanically separated chicken hydrolysate diet (CHd).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
December 2024
Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
The evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in biofilms, driven by mechanisms like oxidative stress, is a major challenge. This study investigates whether antioxidants (AOs) such as N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and Edaravone (ED) can reduce AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin (CIP). In vitro experimental evolution studies were conducted using flow cells and glass beads biofilm models.
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