Background: Due to its prevalence, recurrence, and the emergence of drug-resistance, vaginitis significantly impacts the well-being of women. Although cinnamon essential oil (CEO) possesses antifungal activity, its hydrophobic properties limit its clinical application.
Purpose: To overcome this challenge, a nanoemulsification technology was employed to prepare cinnamon essential oil-nanoemulsion (CEO@NE), and its therapeutic efficacy and action mechanism for vaginitis was investigated in vivo and in vitro.
Materials And Methods: CEO@NE, composed of 4% CEO, 78% distilled water, and 18% Tween 80, was prepared by ultrasonic nanoemulsification. The physical properties, anti- activity, cytotoxicity, immunomodulatory potential and storage stability of CEO@NE were explored. Subsequently, the effect of intravaginal CEO@NE treatment on vaginitis was investigated in mice. To comprehend the possible mechanism of CEO@NE, an analysis was conducted to ascertain the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in .
Results: CEO@NE, with the droplet size less than 100 nm and robust storage stability for up to 8 weeks, exhibited comparable anti- activity with CEO. CEO@NE at the concentration lower than 400 μg/mL had no cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects on murine splenocytes. Intravaginal treatment of CEO@NE (400 μg/mL, 20 μL/day/mouse for 5 consecutive days) curbed colonization, ameliorated histopathological changes, and suppressed inflammatory cytokine production in mice intravaginally challenged with . Notably, this treatment preserved the density of vaginal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) crucial for vaginal health. Co-culturing with CEO@NE revealed concentration-dependent augmentation of intracellular ROS generation and ensuing cell death. In addition, co-culturing LPS-stimulated murine splenocytes with CEO@NE yielded a decrease in the generation of cytokines.
Conclusion: This discovery provides insight into the conceivable antifungal and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CEO@NE to tackle vaginitis. CEO@NE offers a promising avenue to address the limitations of current treatments, providing novel strategy for treating vaginitis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S458593 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Technology Innovation Center of Natural Fragrances and Flavors, State Administration for Market Regulation, People's Republic of China.
Cinnamon essential oil has gained widespread attention in the food industry as a safe and effective preservative. However, its low water solubility and high volatility limit its application in food, making the use of natural emulsifiers for its emulsification an increasingly popular focus of research. This study focuses on the extraction of galactomannan-rich aqueous extracts from Gleditsia sinensis seeds using a low-energy, low-pollution microwave-assisted method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Biotechnol
January 2025
Faculty of Archaeology, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
The increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to conventional antifungal agents has prompted extensive research into the antifungal properties of plant essential oils (EOs). This study investigates the use of EOs mixture (Origanum vulgare, Moringa oleifera, and Cinnamomum verum) for controlling fungal deterioration in wall paintings at the archaeological Youssef Kamal Palace in Nag Hammadi, Egypt. Fungal isolates were collected from deteriorated wall paintings and identified using phenotypic and genotypic analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
December 2024
PRISM, Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Athlone, Co., Dublin Rd, N37 HD68 Westmeath, Ireland.
The escalating global concern regarding plastic waste accumulation and its detrimental environmental impact has driven the exploration of sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based plastics. This study investigates the development of antimicrobial blends of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) derived from plastic waste and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHB), further enhanced with essential oils. The antimicrobial activity of the resulting BNC/PHB blends was tested in vitro against , , and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
December 2024
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China.
Cinnamon oil, an essential oil extracted from plants of the genus Cinnamomum, has been highly valued in ancient Chinese texts for its medicinal properties. This review summarizes the chemical composition, pharmacological actions, and various applications of cinnamon oil, highlighting its potential in medical and industrial fields. By systematically searching and evaluating studies from major scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the therapeutic potential of cinnamon oil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó 89815-630, SC, Brazil.
The objective of the present study was to determine whether the addition of a blend based on the essential oils of cinnamon, oregano, and eucalyptus to the liquid diets of calves would stimulate the immune system combined with anti-inflammatory action, minimize oxidative responses, and alter the intestinal microbiota, consequently enhancing animal growth. Twenty-four male Holstein calves (approximately five days old) were suckled for 60 days, underwent a weaning process, and were followed up until day 75 of the experiment. The calves were divided into control ( = 12) and phytobiotic ( = 12) groups, receiving commercial milk replacer and pelleted concentrate ad libitum.
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