AI Article Synopsis
- Human activities are altering the Earth's climate by changing atmospheric compositions and creating radiative forcing, which drives climate change.
- The reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions from shipping in 2020 resulted in significant radiative forcing, potentially doubling the warming rate in the 2020s compared to previous decades.
- This increased forcing not only correlates with the observed warming in 2023 but also impacts precipitation patterns, suggesting that marine cloud brightening could be a method for geoengineering to cool the climate, despite its challenges.
Article Abstract
Human activities affect the Earth's climate through modifying the composition of the atmosphere, which then creates radiative forcing that drives climate change. The warming effect of anthropogenic greenhouse gases has been partially balanced by the cooling effect of anthropogenic aerosols. In 2020, fuel regulations abruptly reduced the emission of sulfur dioxide from international shipping by about 80% and created an inadvertent geoengineering termination shock with global impact. Here we estimate the regulation leads to a radiative forcing of Wm averaged over the global ocean. The amount of radiative forcing could lead to a doubling (or more) of the warming rate in the 2020 s compared with the rate since 1980 with strong spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The warming effect is consistent with the recent observed strong warming in 2023 and expected to make the 2020 s anomalously warm. The forcing is equivalent in magnitude to 80% of the measured increase in planetary heat uptake since 2020. The radiative forcing also has strong hemispheric contrast, which has important implications for precipitation pattern changes. Our result suggests marine cloud brightening may be a viable geoengineering method in temporarily cooling the climate that has its unique challenges due to inherent spatiotemporal heterogeneity.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11139642 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01442-3 | DOI Listing |
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