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Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes the current role of radiotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma in the definitive, adjuvant, and palliative settings, and combinations with immunotherapy and targeted therapies.
Recent Findings: Definitive radiotherapy may be considered for lentigo maligna if surgery would be disfiguring. High risk, resected melanoma may be treated with adjuvant radiotherapy, but the role is poorly defined since the advent of effective systemic therapies. For patients with metastatic disease, immunotherapy and targeted therapies can be delivered safely in tandem with radiotherapy to improve outcomes. Radiotherapy and modern systemic therapies act in concert to improve outcomes, especially in the metastatic setting. Further prospective data is needed to guide the use of definitive radiotherapy for lentigo maligna and adjuvant radiotherapy for high-risk melanoma in the immunotherapy era. Current evidence does not support an abscopal response or at least identify the conditions necessary to reliably produce one with combinations of radiation and immunotherapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01557-y | DOI Listing |
Semin Radiat Oncol
April 2025
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.. Electronic address:
Head and neck cancer is estimated to result in 71,000 new cancer diagnoses and 16,000 deaths in 2024. Of these cases, approximately 14% will be metastatic. Recent changes in treatment paradigms have established immunotherapy as a cornerstone of treatment in the metastatic and recurrent setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemin Radiat Oncol
April 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.. Electronic address:
Radiation resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), driven by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, poses a significant challenge in radiation oncology. The key contributors are tumor hypoxia, cancer stem cells, cell cycle checkpoint activation, and DNA repair processes (homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining). Genetic modifications such as TP53 mutations, KRAS mutations, EGFR overexpression, and abnormalities in DNA repair proteins like BRCA1/2 additionally affect radiation sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study estimated the proportion of children aged 12-23 months who were fully vaccinated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), explored geographical disparities across subregions and countries, and identified country-level factors associated with full vaccination (FV).
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: SSA.
Lancet Haematol
March 2025
Immunoadoptive Cell Therapy (ImmunoACT), Mumbai, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay), Mumbai, India. Electronic address:
Background: In low-income and middle-income counties (LMICs), the outcome of relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies is poor due to the absence of effective therapies. We report the results of a phase 1/2 study of a novel humanised anti-CD19 4-1BB chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, talicabtagene autoleucel, for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies.
Methods: This open-label, multicentre, phase 1/2 study was done at six tertiary cancer centres in India.
Oncol Res Treat
March 2025
Chair in Cellular Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has become a groundbreaking treatment for hematological malignancies, particularly lymphomas and multiple myeloma, with high remission rates in refractory and relapsed patients. However, most CAR-T therapies target a single antigen, such as CD19, which can result in immune evasion through antigen escape. This mechanism describes the downregulation or complete loss of the targeted antigen by the tumor cells, eventually leading to relapse.
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