AI Article Synopsis
- Agitation, psychosis, and apathy are common neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease that lead to serious issues like increased mortality and caregiver burden, and current treatments may have serious side effects.
- This review focuses on new and repurposed drugs, including atypical antipsychotics and other medications, that have been tested in clinical trials for effectively managing these symptoms.
- Promising treatments include novel atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants for agitation, Pimavanserin for psychosis, and methylphenidate for apathy, although more research is needed to improve understanding and treatment outcomes.
Article Abstract
Introduction: Agitation, psychosis, and apathy are prevalent and highly distressing neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that have been linked to numerous negative outcomes, including increased mortality, worsened cognitive decline, and caregiver burden. Current treatments for AD-associated agitation, namely atypical antipsychotics, provide some benefits but may increase the risk of serious adverse events and death. Meanwhile, no pharmacotherapies have been approved by regulatory agencies for the treatment of psychosis or apathy in AD. Over the past decade, many new and repurposed drugs have emerged as potential therapeutic options for managing these challenging NPS.
Areas Covered: This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of pharmacotherapies that have recently been investigated in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials for the treatment of agitation, psychosis, or apathy in AD.
Expert Opinion: Novel atypical antipsychotics, serotonergic antidepressants, cannabinoids, and dextromethorphan combination drugs have shown promising results for alleviating agitation. Pimavanserin appears to be the most effective emerging therapy for psychosis, while methylphenidate has demonstrated good efficacy for apathy. Further research on biomarkers of NPS severity and treatment response, as well as continued improvements in methodological approaches are needed to advance the field.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2363215 | DOI Listing |
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