The molecular signatures of many thyroid tumors have been uncovered. These discoveries have translated into clinical practice and are changing diagnostic and tumor classification paradigms. Here, the findings of recent studies are presented with special emphasis on how molecular insights are impacting the understating of RAS mutant thyroid nodules, Hürthel cell neoplasms, and unusual thyroid tumors, such as hyalinizing trabecular tumor, secretory carcinoma of the thyroid, and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia. In addition, the utility of detecting actionable molecular alterations by immunohistochemistry in advanced and aggressive thyroid cancer is also discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2023.08.006 | DOI Listing |
Cell Biol Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is an increasingly common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, with its incidence rising steadily in recent years. For patients who experience recurrence or metastasis, treatment options are relatively limited, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic strategies has become particularly urgent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Surg Oncol
January 2025
Department of Endocrine Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Background: With the current shift toward de-escalation of surgical management in low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), understanding predictors and the clinical significance of additional tumors in the contralateral lobe is important. This study investigated the histopathologic predictors of bilateral disease in low-risk PTC patients and the utility of preoperative ultrasonography in guiding completion thyroidectomy decisions.
Methods: Patients treated with total thyroidectomy (TT) for low-risk PTCs (< 4 cm) at the Endocrine Surgical Unit of the Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney from 2013 to 2020 were identified from a prospectively maintained database.
The occurrence of neurogenic tumors in the tracheobronchial tree is uncommon. We report a case of transmural tracheal schwannoma with extraluminal component extending upto the left thyroid lobe. 40-year-old male presented with scanty hemoptysis due to transmural tracheal schwannoma with extraluminal part of tumor extending till the left lobe of thyroid gland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
March 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.
Tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare malignancy. We report the case of a 65-year-old male who presented to our department due to a 3-month history of mild dysphagia without other associated symptoms. The neck, laryngeal, and hypopharyngeal examinations were normal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncol Lett
March 2025
Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042, P.R. China.
A hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT), characterized by a trabecular growth pattern and notable hyalinization within the trabeculae, occurs at a rate of ~1%. As patients with HTT may be asymptomatic, accurate diagnosis is a challenge. Due to its resemblance to other tumors, such as papillary thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma, a precise diagnosis necessitates both pathological and molecular examinations.
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