Dengue is an arbovirus transmitted by the Aedes spp. mosquito. Approximately 390 million infections occur annually per World Health Organization estimates, with significant increases in infections throughout the last decade. The disease is endemic in warmer climates throughout the world, though cases may also be imported to non-endemic regions by returning travelers. Patients experience a wide variety of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe disease requiring critical care. Emergency clinicians should consider the diagnosis of dengue in patients from endemic areas presenting with a flu-like illness, rash, and evidence of bleeding.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2024.05.022 | DOI Listing |
Curr Opin Infect Dis
November 2024
Dermatology Unit & Scientific Directorate, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Purpose Of Review: Arboviral infections caused by Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses continue to pose a significant global health threat, particularly in endemic regions. This review is timely because of the increasing prevalence of these infections, driven by factors such as urbanization and climate change. Dermatological manifestations of these viruses are crucial for early diagnosis, especially given the overlap in symptoms, which can complicate differential diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVector Borne Zoonotic Dis
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Dengue virus (DENV) infection, caused by serotypes DENV 1-4, represents a significant global public health challenge, with no antiviral drugs currently available for treatment. The host Protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is crucial for DENV infection, presenting a potential target for antiviral drug development. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity of kinase inhibitors that target the AKT pathway, focusing on the compound AT13148.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
December 2024
Department of Viral Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon in which antibodies enhance subsequent viral infections rather than preventing them. Sub-optimal levels of neutralizing antibodies in individuals infected with dengue virus are known to be associated with severe disease upon reinfection with a different dengue virus serotype. For Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type-2 infection, three types of ADE have been proposed: (1) Fc receptor-dependent ADE of infection in cells expressing Fc receptors, such as macrophages by anti-spike antibodies, (2) Fc receptor-independent ADE of infection in epithelial cells by anti-spike antibodies, and (3) Fc receptor-dependent ADE of cytokine production in cells expressing Fc receptors, such as macrophages by anti-nucleocapsid antibodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Sci
January 2025
Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses represent a public health challenge due to the high-rate endemic infections, severe clinical outcomes, and the potential risk of emerging global outbreaks. Flavivirus disease pathogenesis converges on cellular factors from vectors and hosts, and their interactions are still unclear. Exosomes and microparticles are extracellular vesicles released from cells that mediate the intercellular communication necessary for maintaining homeostasis; however, they have been shown to be involved in disease establishment and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Rev Anti Infect Ther
January 2025
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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