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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2318-5558 | DOI Listing |
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Erbium: key to simultaneously achieving superior temperature-stability and high magnetic properties in 2 : 17-type permanent magnets.
Mater Horiz
January 2025
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
To address the demands of rapidly advancing precision instruments requiring higher efficiency and miniaturization, permanent magnets must exhibit exceptional energy density, temperature stability, high magnetic energy product [()], and adequate coercivity (). Herein, we design rare earth Er-based magnets (2 : 17-type Er-magnets) with a composition of (Er, Sm)(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr). Erbium-based compounds (ErCo) offer a unique combination of temperature compensation and high saturation magnetization compared to other heavy rare earth elements, resulting in 2 : 17-type Er-magnets with superior temperature stability in and ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of in vivo reprogramming of astrocytes combined with exercise training on neurorepair in rats with spinal cord injury.
Animal Model Exp Med
January 2025
School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background: The inability of damaged neurons to regenerate and of axons to establish new functional connections leads to permanent functional deficits after spinal cord injury (SCI). Although astrocyte reprogramming holds promise for neurorepair in various disease models, it is not sufficient on its own to achieve significant functional recovery.
Methods: A rat SCI model was established using a spinal cord impactor.
Adaptive evolutionary trajectories in complexity: Transitions between unicellularity and facultative differentiated multicellularity.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden.
Multicellularity spans a wide gamut in terms of complexity, from simple clonal clusters of cells to large-scale organisms composed of differentiated cells and tissues. While recent experiments have demonstrated that simple forms of multicellularity can readily evolve in response to different selective pressures, it is unknown if continued exposure to those same selective pressures will result in the evolution of increased multicellular complexity. We use mathematical models to consider the adaptive trajectories of unicellular organisms exposed to periodic bouts of abiotic stress, such as drought or antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasuring the Stable Isotope Composition of Water in Brine from Halite Fluid Inclusions and Borehole Brine Seeps Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy.
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Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.
Naturally occurring bedded salt deposits are considered robust for the permanent disposal of heat-generating nuclear waste due to their unique physical and geological properties. The Brine Availability Test in Salt (BATS) is a US-DOE Office of Nuclear Energy funded project that uses heated borehole experiments underground (∼655 meters depth) at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in the bedded salt deposits of the Salado Formation to investigate the capacity for safe disposal of high-level, heat generating nuclear waste in salt. Uncertainties associated with brine mobility near heat-generating waste motivates the need to characterize the processes and sources of brine in salt deposits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncogenic mutant KRAS inhibition through oxidation at cysteine 118.
Mol Oncol
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Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Italy.
Specific reactive oxygen species activate the GTPase Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) by reacting with cysteine 118 (C118), leading to an electron transfer between C118 and nucleoside guanosine diphosphate (GDP), which causes the release of GDP. Here, we have mimicked permanent oxidation of human KRAS at C118 by replacing C118 with aspartic acid (C118D) in KRAS to show that oncogenic mutant KRAS is selectively inhibited via oxidation at C118, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the combined treatment of hydrogen-peroxide-producing pro-oxidant paraquat and nitric-oxide-producing inhibitor N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester selectively inhibits human mutant KRAS activity by inducing oxidization at C118.
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