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Identification of the subventricular tegmental nucleus as brainstem reward center.
Science
January 2025
Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
Rewards are essential for motivation, decision-making, memory, and mental health. We identified the subventricular tegmental nucleus (SVTg) as a brainstem reward center. In mice, reward and its prediction activate the SVTg, and SVTg stimulation leads to place preference, reduced anxiety, and accumbal dopamine release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProjections from thalamic nucleus reuniens to hippocampal CA1 area participate in context fear extinction by affecting extinction-induced molecular remodeling of excitatory synapses.
Elife
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The ability to extinguish contextual fear in a changing environment is crucial for animal survival. Recent data support the role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) and its projections to the dorsal hippocampal CA1 area (RE→dCA1) in this process. However, it remains poorly understood how RE impacts dCA1 neurons during contextual fear extinction (CFE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCross-species single-cell transcriptomics reveals neuronal similarities and heterogeneity in amniote pallium.
Zool Res
January 2025
BGI Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China.
The amniote pallium, a vital component of the forebrain, exhibits considerable evolutionary divergence across species and mediates diverse functions, including sensory processing, memory formation, and learning. However, the relationships among pallial subregions in different species remain poorly characterized, particularly regarding the identification of homologous neurons and their transcriptional signatures. In this study, we utilized single-nucleus RNA sequencing to examine over 130 000 nuclei from the macaque ( ) neocortex, complemented by datasets from humans ( ), mice ( ), zebra finches ( ), turtles ( ), and lizards ( s), enabling comprehensive cross-species comparison.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative immunohistochemistry analysis of breast Ki67 based on artificial intelligence.
Open Life Sci
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, 369 Kunpeng Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310008, Zhejiang, China.
Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor of women. Ki67 is an important biomarker of cell proliferation. With the quantitative analysis, it is an important indicator of malignancy for breast cancer diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelta opioid receptors affect acoustic features of song during vocal learning in zebra finches.
BMC Neurosci
January 2025
National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Gurugram, 122052, Haryana, India.
Delta-opioid receptors (δ-ORs) are known to be involved in associative learning and modulating motivational states. We wanted to study if they were also involved in naturally-occurring reinforcement learning behaviors such as vocal learning, using the zebra finch model system. Zebra finches learn to vocalize early in development and song learning in males is affected by factors such as the social environment and internal reward, both of which are modulated by endogenous opioids.
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