An in-depth understanding of nitrate-contaminated surface water and groundwater quality and associated risks is important for groundwater management. Hydrochemical characteristics and driving forces of groundwater quality and non-carcinogenic risks of nitrate were revealed by the integrated approaches of self-organizing map analysis, spatial visualization by geography information system, entropy and irrigation water quality indices, and human health risk model. Groundwater samples were categorized into two clusters by SOM analysis. Cluster I including three samples were Ca-SO type and cluster II of remaining 136 samples were Ca-HCO type. Hydrochemical compositions of two cluster samples were dominated by water-rock interaction: (1) calcite and gypsum dissolution for cluster I samples and (2) calcite dissolution, silicate weathering, and positive cation exchange for cluster II samples. Nitrate contamination occurred in both cluster I and II samples, primarily induced by agricultural nitrogen fertilizer. The EWQI results showed that 90.97% in total groundwater samples were suitable for drinking purpose, while the IWQI results demonstrated that 65.03% in total groundwater samples were appropriate for irrigation purpose. The HHR model and Monte Carlo simulation indicated that the non-carcinogenic nitrated risk was highest in children. Exposure frequency was the most sensitive factor (86.33% in total) influencing the total non-carcinogenic risk, indicated by sensitivity analysis. Compared with the two clusters of groundwater, surface water has a shorter circulation cycle and lower ion concentrations resulting in better water quality. This study can provide scientific basis for groundwater quality evaluation in other parts of the world.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33768-yDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

cluster samples
16
water quality
12
groundwater quality
12
groundwater samples
12
groundwater
9
samples
9
health risk
8
risk model
8
surface water
8
total groundwater
8

Similar Publications

Using eddy covariance data to detect nuclear reactor operational status.

J Environ Manage

December 2024

Nuclear and Engineering Nonproliferation Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

Monitoring nuclear reactor operations is vital for nuclear safeguards as it ensures that reactors are in compliance with international legal agreements. Validating nuclear facilities and activities, including potential clandestine activities, is currently accomplished by using remotely sensed data from satellites and aircrafts and on-site sampling. However, these techniques are temporally-limited as sampling and interpretation of environmental releases frequently involve labor-intensive, on-site collections.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pharmacognostic Standardization, Morphometric Analysis, and Multivariate Analysis of Croton lobatus L. and Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg.

Microsc Res Tech

December 2024

Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.

Croton lobatus L. and Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The E6 and E7 proteins of the high risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPVs) play a key role in the oncogenesis associated with papillomavirus infection. Data on the variability of these proteins are limited, and the factors affecting their variability are still poorly understood. We analyzed the variability of the currently known sequences of the HPV type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 proteins, taking into account their geographic origin and year of sample collection, as well as the direction of their evolution in the major geographic regions of the world.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of an exercise intervention for young people aged 13-17 with mild to moderate depression, comparing high-intensity exercise, low-intensity exercise, and social activities.
  • Participants were recruited through mental health services and schools, with the intervention delivered over 12 weeks by trained professionals.
  • Results showed a 71.4% retention rate and over 67% attendance, although only 14 participants were randomized from the initial referrals, indicating challenges in recruitment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Development of a territory-wide household-based composite index for measuring relative distribution of households by economic status in individual small areas throughout Hong Kong.

BMC Public Health

December 2024

Social Statistics Division, Census and Statistics Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Wanchai Tower, 12 Harbour Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.

Background: Many countries have developed their country/nation-wide multidimensional area-based index on deprivation or socioeconomic status for resource allocation, service planning and research. However, whether each geographical unit proxied by a single index is sufficiently small to contain a relatively homogeneous population remains questionable. Globally, this is the first study that presents the distribution of domestic households by the territory-wide economic status index decile groups within each of the 2,252 small subunit groups (SSUGs) throughout Hong Kong, with a median study population of 1,300 and a median area of 42,400 m.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!