Trichinella spiralis alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by modulating the protective Th2 immune response.

Sepsis is a disorder of immune regulation caused by pathogenic microorganisms. A large number of inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediators are released, resulting in systemic inflammatory response disorder and acute lung injury (ALI). Helminths infection activate Th2 cytokines and immunomodulatory pathways, which have the function of anti-infection effector molecules. The early infection of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) was mainly intestinal phase. In this study, we explored the effect of intestinal phase infection of T. spiralis on LPS-induced ALI. Compared with control mice, the serum and lung tissues of T. spiralis infected mice had a significant decrease of Th1 inflammatory cytokines, a significant increase of Th2 anti-inflammatory cytokines, and a significant decrease of inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue. These results suggest that T. spiralis during the intestinal phase can act on distal organs (lung) and reduce LPS-induced lung inflammation, providing evidence for a potential new pathway for immune-mediated disease in helminths and a possible role for intestinal worms in the gut-lung axis.