In athletes, a mismatch between caloric intake and energy expended in exercise can eventually lead to Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs), where the athlete suffers from physiological derangements and decreased sport performance. The prevalence of REDs is higher in females than males. Females are already at a higher risk of knee injuries, which has been attributed to a multitude of factors such as hormonal influences, differences in musculoskeletal anatomy and neuromuscular control compared to males. The literature demonstrates an even higher risk of knee injuries in female athletes with symptoms of REDs. We propose the various factors that influence this risk. A reduction in anabolic hormones can affect muscle development and tendon repair. A relationship between poor neuromuscular control and knee injury has been established, and this can be further worsened in patients with menstrual dysfunction. Chronic deficiency in nutrients such as collagen and vitamin D can result in poorer recovery from microtrauma in tendons and ligaments. All these factors may contribute to increasing the risk of knee injuries, which may include anterior cruciate ligament tears, patella tendinopathy and patellofemoral pain syndrome. This review aims to educate sports clinicians to have a high index of suspicion when treating knee injuries in females; to screen and then manage for REDs if present, for holistic patient care.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jisako.2024.05.012 | DOI Listing |
Bone
December 2024
McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Electronic address:
ACL injuries commonly lead to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), but the underlying mechanism is not well-understood. One theorized mechanism is pathological bone remodelling following an ACL tear, for which high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is uniquely positioned to investigate in vivo in humans. In this study, we longitudinally investigate the one-year changes in periarticular bone density and microarchitecture in the human knee following an ACL tear and reconstructive surgery using data sampled from an on-going observational cohort study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Traumatol
December 2024
Clinica Ortopedica E Traumatologica 2, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli, 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
Macromol Biosci
December 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy, M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560054, India.
Biologics targeting matrix-degrading proteases, cartilage repair, and inflammation are emerging as promising approaches for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Recent research highlights biologic-human placental tissue (HPT) as a potential OA therapy due to its biocompatibility, abundant protein biofactors, and ability to reduce cartilage degradation by suppressing protease expression. Microneedles (MNs) are receiving growing attention for enhancing transdermal delivery of biologics as an alternative to conventional subcutaneous injections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Pract Cases Emerg Med
November 2024
Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona.
Introduction: Tendon injuries of the hand present a diverse spectrum of challenges in emergency medicine, ranging from minor strains to catastrophic ruptures. The superficial anatomy of hand tendons predisposes them to various mechanisms of injury, leading to complex medical scenarios. Here, we present a unique case of flexor tendon exposure secondary to abscess formation and spontaneous rupture, emphasizing the importance of prompt recognition and management of such injuries in the emergency department.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiother Theory Pract
December 2024
Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Background: The Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-UQ) assesses upper limb dynamic balance in able-bodied individuals but lacks a reliable version for those with disabilities.
Objective: This study aimed to introduce a modified YBT-UQ (mYBT-UQ) for physically impaired individuals (PI) and establish its validity and reliability.
Methods: The study involved 33 male athletes aged 18-55, divided into three equal groups: able-bodied, spinal cord injury with trunk control (SCI), and below-the-knee amputation (BKA).
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