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Longitudinal Assessment of Intersegmental Abnormalities in the Lumbar Spine of Adolescent Competitive Alpine Skiers Over 48 Months.
Am J Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Balgrist University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Overuse-related intersegmental abnormalities in the spine of competitive alpine skiers are common findings. However, longitudinal changes in intersegmental abnormalities and symptoms throughout adolescence have not been assessed.
Purpose: To longitudinally assess and compare overuse-related spinal intersegmental abnormalities in adolescent competitive alpine skiers over 48 months and to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in asymptomatic and symptomatic skiers.
Progression of the leprosy reaction and nerve damage: A prospective cohort study in children with leprosy from the Brazilian Amazon.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil.
Introduction: Leprosy reactions being closely related to damage to peripheral nerves and physical disabilities associated with disease progression. Disabilities in childhood can have a devastating effect with impaired children's cognitive, emotional, social, and educational development. We followed up the progression of leprosy reactions in children identifying associated factors with the emergence and/or worsening of nerve damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of abnormal cortical inhibition and clinical outcomes in patients at clinical high risk for psychosis.
Clin Neurophysiol
January 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Cortical inhibition (CI) abnormalities were investigated in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), comparing them to first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and healthy controls (HC).
- Among CHR individuals, those who later developed schizophrenia (CHR-C) exhibited a longer cortical silent period (CSP) compared to healthy controls, while those who did not convert (CHR-NC) had similar CSP levels to HC.
- The study indicates that prolonged CSP in CHR-C patients is linked to poorer neurocognitive performance and suggests CSP may serve as a biomarker for predicting the transition to schizophrenia.
Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in patients with milder and severe forms of sickle cell disease and thalassemia.
Hemasphere
December 2024
Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Silent cerebral infarcts (SCIs) are common in patients with severe forms of sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia, although the underlying causes are not fully understood.
- This study compared cerebral blood flow, oxygen metabolism, and SCI lesions in severe and mild SCD patients, thalassemia patients, and healthy controls before and after a vasodilatory challenge.
- Findings showed that while severe SCD and thalassemia patients had higher blood flow, their oxygen consumption was lower; this suggests that anemia rather than cerebral blood flow may play a key role in the development of SCIs, especially in milder forms of SCD.
Distinct Strategies Regulate Correlated Ion Channel mRNAs and Ionic Currents in Continually versus Episodically Active Neurons.
eNeuro
November 2024
Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211
Relationships among membrane currents allow central pattern generator (CPG) neurons to reliably drive motor programs. We hypothesize that continually active CPG neurons utilize activity-dependent feedback to correlate expression of ion channel genes to balance essential membrane currents. However, episodically activated neurons experience absences of activity-dependent feedback and, thus, presumably employ other strategies to coregulate the balance of ionic currents necessary to generate appropriate output after periods of quiescence.
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