Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a complication of diabetes, is the most leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Bariatric surgery functions on the remission of diabetes and diabetes-related complications. One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), one of popular bariatric surgery, can improve diabetes and its complications by regulating the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level. Meanwhile, GLP-1 can alleviate renal damage in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats. However, the effect of OAGB on renal injury remains uncertain in DN.
Methods: A diabetes model was elicited in rats via HFD feeding and STZ injection. The role and mechanism of OAGB were addressed in DN rats by the body and kidney weight and blood glucose supervision, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), biochemistry detection, histopathological analysis, and western blot assays.
Results: OAGB surgery reversed the increase in body weight and glucose tolerance indicators in diabetes rats. Also, OAGB operation neutralized the DN-induced average kidney weight, kidney weight/body weight, and renal injury indexes accompanied with reduced glomerular hypertrophy, alleviated mesangial dilation and decreased tubular and periglomerular collagen deposition. In addition, OAGB introduction reduced the DN-induced renal triglyceride and renal cholesterol with the regulation of fatty acids-related proteins expression. Mechanically, OAGB administration rescued the DN-induced expression of Sirt1/AMPK/PGC1α pathway mediated by GLP-1. Pharmacological block of GLP-1 receptor inverted the effect of OAGB operation on body weight, glucose tolerance, renal tissue damage, and fibrosis and lipids accumulation in DN rats.
Conclusion: OAGB improved renal damage and fibrosis and lipids accumulation in DN rats by GLP-1-mediated Sirt1/AMPK/PGC1α pathway.
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