The diversity of catalytic products determines the difficulty of selective product modulation, which usually relies on adjusting the catalyst and reaction conditions to obtain different main products selectively. Herein, we synthesized D-π-A-D conjugated organic polymers (TH-COP) using cyclotriphosphonitrile, alkyne, 2H-benzimidazole, and sulfur units as electron donors, π bridges, electron acceptors, and electron donors, respectively. TH-COP exhibited excellent photoinduced carrier separation and redox ability under different visible light wavelengths, and the main products of its CO reduction are CH (1000.0 μmol g) and CO (837.0 μmol g) under 400-420 nm and 420-560 nm, respectively. In addition, TH-COP could completely convert phenylmethyl sulfide to methyl phenyl sulfone at 400-420 nm and diphenyl disulfide at 480-485 nm in yields up to 95 %. This study presents a novel strategy for the targeted fabrication of various main products using conjugated polymers by simply changing the wavelength range of visible light.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.116 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.
Optimizing group-V doping and Se alloying are two main focuses for advancing CdTe photovoltaic technology. We report on nanometer-scale characterizations of microelectronic structures of phosphorus (P)-doped CdSeTe devices using a combination of two atomic force microscopy-based techniques, namely, Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). KPFM on device cross-section images distribution of the potential drop across the device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
RAND, Santa Monica, California.
Importance: Despite their importance to patients, health, and industry, the magnitude of investments in drug research and development (R&D) remain nebulous. New policies require more granular and transparent R&D cost estimates to better balance incentives for innovation and returns to developers.
Objective: To estimate per-drug R&D costs using a novel, reproduceable approach and to describe firm-level R&D costs per discrete unit of R&D activity (1 patient-month).
Curr Pain Headache Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Plock, 09-420, Plock, Poland.
Purpose Of Review: Migraine prevalence in females is up to 3 times higher than in males and females show higher frequency, longer duration, and increased severity of headache attacks, but the reason for that difference is not known. This narrative review presents the main aspects of sex dimorphism in migraine prevalence and discusses the role of sex-related differences in mitochondrial homeostasis in that dimorphism. The gender dimension is also shortly addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurourol Urodyn
January 2025
Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Aims: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB), lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD), and enuresis (NE) are common in children and adolescents and have serious consequences, especially on social and emotional development. Even though much is known about the association between SDB and NE among adults, the number of articles in children and adolescents is limited. Therefore, the aim of the present scoping review was to map out the current knowledge about SDB and LUTD in children and adolescents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Biol Int
January 2025
Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Hangzhou, China.
cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is a crucial opportunistic fungus that possesses an encapsulated fungal pathogen. The cryptococcal capsule is mainly composed of the polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (GXM).
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