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Design, Methods, and Participation in Riksmaten Young Children-A Swedish National Dietary Survey. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The Riksmaten Young Children study aimed to gather data on dietary habits and physical activity among Swedish children aged 9 months, 18 months, and 4 years through a cross-sectional design.
  • Researchers randomly selected 16,655 children and collected food intake data using a 2-day food diary, along with height and weight measurements, while physical activity data, blood, urine, and stool samples were gathered from subgroups.
  • Despite low initial participation rates (11% of invited), the study maintained a high completion rate (99%) among those who joined, although the final sample was somewhat biased towards households with higher education and income levels.

Article Abstract

Background: National dietary surveys provide essential data for risk benefit assessments of foods and nutrients, for management and policy development. Physical activity measurement and biomonitoring can provide important complementary data but are less commonly included.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the study design and methods of the cross-sectional Swedish national dietary survey Riksmaten Young Children (Riksmaten småbarn), of children aged 9 mo, 18 mo, and 4 y. Participation/dropout rates for the 2 older age groups are also presented. The impact of different recruitment strategies is discussed.

Methods: Children ( = 16,655) were randomly selected from the population register; invitations to guardians were sent by post and where possible, followed up by telephone. Food intake was assessed by a 2-d food diary and/or questionnaire. Height and weight were reported after measurement. Physical activity (accelerometery, 7 d) and stool, blood, and urine samples were assessed in subgroups.

Results: Food consumption data were collected in 1828 children (11% of the invited; 18 mo: = 1078, and 4 y: = 750). Of participants also in subgroups, 71% provided physical activity data ( = 1307), 60% stool samples ( = 630), and 51% blood and/or urine samples ( = 593). The study population represented all geographic regions and types of municipalities in Sweden, but participating households had both higher education level and higher income than the target population. Only minor differences were seen in participation rates between recruitment via post and telephone compared with those through post only (12% compared with 10%). Repeated contact attempts were needed for the majority of participants (65%). Despite the low-participation rate, 99% of the participants completed the study once started.

Conclusions: Although it was a challenge to recruit participants, Riksmaten Young Children provides a substantial amount of information at national level, representative in terms of sex, geography, and family structure. The underrepresentation of households with lower socioeconomic position must be considered when generalizing results.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107201PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102150DOI Listing

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