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Clinical and molecular identification of Newcastle disease virus in naturally infected chicks in Thi-Qar province of Iraq.
Open Vet J
November 2024
Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Shatrah University, Shatrah, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
Background: In poultry, despite intense vaccination programs for prevention of Newcastle disease (ND), the ND infection still affects, causing high mortality in most vaccinated flocks.
Aim: This study aimed to determine whether the genetic material of the ND virus has changed and has become incompatible with the vaccines used in Iraq.
Methods: Real-time PCR was used to analyze genetic variation in the fusion (F) and haemaggluatination neuraminidase (HN) genes, as well as mRNA expression changes in inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6, interleukin-1 beta (IL-6, IL-1β), and gamma interferon (IFN-γ).
Insights into microstructure and expression of markers of proliferation, apoptosis and T cells in the spleen of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis).
Anat Histol Embryol
July 2024
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ with significant roles in pathogen clearance. It is involved in several avian diseases. The cattle egret is a wild insectivorous bird of agricultural and socioeconomic importance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of the phospholipase D (Ymt) in the initial aggregation step of biofilm formation in the flea.
mBio
June 2024
Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA.
Unlabelled: Transmission of by fleas depends on the formation of condensed bacterial aggregates embedded within a gel-like matrix that localizes to the proventricular valve in the flea foregut and interferes with normal blood feeding. This is essentially a bacterial biofilm phenomenon, which at its end stage requires the production of a exopolysaccharide that bridges the bacteria together in a cohesive, dense biofilm that completely blocks the proventriculus. However, bacterial aggregates are evident within an hour after a flea ingests , and the bacterial exopolysaccharide is not required for this process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and esophageal-proventricular junction in a yellow-naped parrot.
J Vet Diagn Invest
July 2024
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
A 57-y-old male yellow-naped parrot () was presented because of lethargy, inappetence, and weight loss. Hematology and serum biochemistry were unremarkable, and imaging revealed a mass in the distal esophagus at the coelomic inlet. The luminal diameter of the esophagus was reduced in this area, and passage of ingesta was limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular characteristics and pathogenicity of a novel chicken astrovirus variant.
Vet Res
December 2023
College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
Article Synopsis
- The poultry industry is significantly affected by the genetic diversity and host range of astroviruses, as shown in a 2022 case where a broiler farm in China experienced growth issues and a 3% mortality rate due to novel chicken astrovirus isolates.
- Complete genomic sequencing of the isolates showed unique mutations that contributed to the development of a new variant strain linked to severe health problems in affected chickens, including liver and kidney enlargement.
- The study's findings improve understanding of CAstV's pathogenicity and highlight the need for further investigation of its mutations to inform future research.
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