Pediatric narcolepsy is a complex disorder with unique diagnostic challenges. It is diagnosed with a combination of clinical presentation, polysomnogram with multiple sleep latency test (PSG with MSLT), and occasionally, hypocretin-1 (orexin) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This report describes a 22-month-old boy experiencing excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and frequent falls. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with narcolepsy using hypocretin-1 (orexin) levels. The intent of this report is to establish the utility of using hypocretin-1 (orexin) levels to diagnose narcolepsy type 1 in children who are too young to undergo PSG with MSLT. To our knowledge, there are no reports of narcolepsy in a patient this young. Early recognition and treatment of narcolepsy in children younger than age five may lead to a substantial impact on their cognitive development and minimize potential long- term complications.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097692 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329048X231225916 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Dopamine Drives Feedforward Inhibition to Orexin Feeding System, Mediating Weight Loss Induced by Morphine Addiction.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Feeding behavior changes induced by opioid addiction significantly contribute to the worsening opioid crisis. Activation of the reward system has shown to provoke binge eating disorder in individuals with opioid use disorder, whereas prolonged opioid exposure leads to weight loss. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these phenomena is essential for addressing this pressing societal issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan serum orexin levels be used as a marker in childhood epilepsy?
Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, the Republic of Türkiye.
Objective: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases in the pediatric population. Orexins are excitatory peptides and associated with energy homeostasis, eating and drinking behaviors, sleep regulation, sleep-wake periods, analgesia, and cognitive activities such as attention, learning, and memory. The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between plasma orexin levels and seizures in pediatric epilepsy patients with seizures, epilepsy patients in remission, and healthy control group with similar demographic characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role and Mechanisms of the Hypocretin System in Zebrafish ().
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia.
Sleep is the most important physiological function of all animals studied to date. Sleep disorders include narcolepsy, which is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, disruption of night sleep, and muscle weakness-cataplexy. Narcolepsy is known to be caused by the degeneration of orexin-synthesizing neurons (hypocretin (HCRT) neurons or orexin neurons) in the hypothalamus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression and purification of an activated orexin receptor 1- G-protein complex.
Protein Expr Purif
January 2025
VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:
Orexin receptors constitute a family of class A G-protein coupled receptors. There are two subtypes of orexin receptors, namely OX1R and OX2R. OX1R and OX2R are widely distributed in the central nervous system and are the targets for the peptide neurotransmitters orexin-A and orexin-B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVery late onset narcolepsy type 1: a case report and review of the literature.
J Clin Sleep Med
December 2024
Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a clinical syndrome defined by recurrent episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), episodes of cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Symptoms typically manifest in the second or third decade with another small peak in the fourth decade. In this report we describe the case of a 64-year-old woman presenting with new-onset visual hallucinations as the main complaint.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!