FetSAM represents a cutting-edge deep learning model aimed at revolutionizing fetal head ultrasound segmentation, thereby elevating prenatal diagnostic precision. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset-the largest to date for fetal head metrics-FetSAM incorporates prompt-based learning. It distinguishes itself with a dual loss mechanism, combining Weighted DiceLoss and Weighted Lovasz Loss, optimized through AdamW and underscored by class weight adjustments for better segmentation balance. Performance benchmarks against prominent models such as U-Net, DeepLabV3, and Segformer highlight its efficacy. FetSAM delivers unparalleled segmentation accuracy, demonstrated by a DSC of 0.90117, HD of 1.86484, and ASD of 0.46645. FetSAM sets a new benchmark in AI-enhanced prenatal ultrasound analysis, providing a robust, precise tool for clinical applications and pushing the envelope of prenatal care with its groundbreaking dataset and segmentation capabilities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OJEMB.2024.3382487 | DOI Listing |
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
January 2025
Department of Obstetric and Gynecological Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Background: Diprosopus is one of the rarest anomalies. It typically manifests as bilateral alterations and often involves anomalies within the cranial structures. In this report, we present a case of a fetus with diprosopus diagnosed prenatally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
The Reproductive Medicine Centre, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Rationale: Microcephaly, epilepsy, and developmental delay (MCSZ) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder associated with autosomal recessive inheritance of mutations in the polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase (PNKP) gene. Prompt identification and management are essential, as delayed diagnosis or intervention may result in severe complications or mortality. In this case, prenatal screening in the second trimester detected fetal microcephaly with a gradual decline in head circumference, prompting the decision to terminate the pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Biomech (Bristol)
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address:
Background: The lower birth canal is the final constriction through which a fetal head must pass for delivery. Unfortunately, injuries to the lower birth canal tissues occur in up to 19 % of first-time vaginal deliveries due to the 300 % stretch required.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from 56 healthy nullipara recorded by a lower birth canal dilator during the first stage of labor.
Case Rep Neurol Med
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Determining the differential diagnosis of small scalp cysts identified on a fetus is difficult. In particular, many physicians have difficulty differentiating small meningoceles from small scalp cysts during the prenatal period. Volume contrast imaging increases contrast between tissues, thereby allowing an enhanced view of target structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Poitiers University Hospital, 2 Rue de la Milétrie, Poitiers 86000, France; INSERM, CIC 1402, Poitiers University Hospital; Poitiers University, Poitiers, France.
Aims: Ultrasound is used in the delivery room to assess fetal head position, engagement during labor, and anal sphincter injuries in the immediate postpartum period. The transperineal approach allows for direct visualization of the structures of interest without altering anatomical landmarks. Various ultrasound measurements during labor have been described in the literature, and their use varies widely across maternity units.
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