Genome-wide analysis of gustatory receptor genes and identification of the fructose gustatory receptor in .

Gustatory receptors (GRs) allow insects to sense tastes in their external environment. Gustatory perception is crucial for distinguishing between beneficial and harmful or toxic compounds, affecting survival. This study is the first to identify and classify the GR genes and investigate their expression in the predatory . Thirteen GR genes (-) were identified and classified into four families via phylogenetic analysis. In the predacious developmental stages, expression gradually increased from the 2 to 5 instar stages and then to adults. However, was also highly expressed in the non-predation 1 instar nymph and egg stages. expression was localized in the antennae, scalpella, forelegs, wings, head, and midgut of male and female adults, with wings displaying the highest expression. Furthermore, expression was positively correlated with fructose solution intake; molecular docking results showed that fructose could effectively dock withArmaGr7. A protein structure comparison revealed that the ArmaGr7 structure was different from that of other GR43a-like proteins, which may be related to the gene splicing of the GR gene. These results elucidate the crucial role of in fructose recognition by and provide a foundation for further studies on gustatory perception.