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Growth rate maximization is an important fitness strategy for microbes. However, the wide distribution of slow-growing oligotrophic microbes in ecosystems suggests that rapid growth is often not favored across ecological environments. In many circumstances, there exist trade-offs between growth and other important traits (e.g., adaptability and survival) due to physiological and proteome constraints. Investments on alternative traits could compromise growth rate and microbes need to adopt bet-hedging strategies to improve fitness in fluctuating environments. Here we review the mechanistic role of trade-offs in controlling bacterial growth and further highlight its ecological implications in driving the emergences of many important ecological phenomena such as co-existence, population heterogeneity and oligotrophic/copiotrophic lifestyles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48591-9 | DOI Listing |
Annu Rev Plant Biol
March 2025
3School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Phytomelatonin has attracted significant attention over the years for its roles in promoting plant growth and enhancing stress resistance. The biosynthetic pathway of phytomelatonin is more intricate than that of melatonin in animals, occurring in plants in the endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and cytoplasm. By compartmentalizing phytomelatonin production within specific organelles and differentially expressing biosynthesis genes, plants may finely tune the levels of this hormone under normal growth conditions, as well as in rapid responses to changing environmental conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2025
Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8, Budapest, 1093, Hungary.
This study investigates the complex relationships between globalization, economic growth, urbanization, and ecological footprint in the context of advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Employing a club convergence framework, we evaluate global SDG Index from 2000 to 2023 for 149 countries with 3212 observations, identifying five converging clubs and one non-converging group. Our analysis demonstrates that higher GDP per capita and various dimensions of globalization positively impact SDG outcomes, whereas rapid urbanization and expansive ecological footprints exert negative influences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Plant
March 2025
Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Climate change and stratospheric ozone layer dynamics have altered the intensity of ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation, affecting the growth, yield, and metabolic responses of major cereal crops. As a result, to meet the future demand scenario for growing population and health concerns, millets have been recognized as important substitutes. Among them, pearl millet has shown resilience against various abiotic stresses, but its response to UV-B radiation has not yet been explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Anim Health Prod
March 2025
Department of Veterinary Sciences, Content Farm, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone, Botswana.
African agriculture faces triple threats of climate change, population growth and inequality, necessitating sustainability research in agriculture that comprehensively examines social, economic, environmental, and socio-political trade-offs. To examine sustainable beef production in Botswana, this study used a mixed-method approach to explore Feedlot and Free-range cattle management systems. First, competing but overlapping factors of environmental, economic, and social sustainability in beef production were identified from literature review, and a conceptual framework for sustainability was used to assess the trade-offs inherent in both management systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlob Chang Biol
March 2025
Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Plant trait expressions and their trade-offs reflect the responses and long-term ecological adaptation to environmental gradients. However, how such expressions and trade-offs help plants to acclimate to a new environment remains poorly understood, which is a fundamental preset for plants' survival under a global change scenario. By comparing the trait-trait relationships of 4403 tree species from different climatic regions and the variation in trait trade-offs of 746 tree species that have been transplanted to a tropical botanical garden for several decades, our results reveal convergent but consistent alteration in trait-trait relationships of trees transplanted from different climatic regions to a common environment.
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