Background/objectives: Whether seasonality is a factor that influences the incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) is an under-investigated area. If seasonal incidence peaks can be detected, specifically with regard to biliary pancreatitis, has so far been answered in contradictory ways in the literature.
Methods: All AP cases from two tertiary German referral centers were identified between 2016 and 2022 based on ICD-10 discharge codes. The test for goodness of fit was applied to test significant differences in monthly and seasonal distributions of AP admissions.
Results: In total, 3597 AP cases were included. We observed significantly more idiopathic and biliary cases in May to July (p-values 0.041 and 0.027, respectively). Furthermore, most drug-induced APs were identified during the winter months (p-value 0.006). Moreover, there was a significant peak of alcohol-induced pancreatitis in summer and fall (p-value 0.038).
Conclusions: Our data indicate a seasonal impact on AP incidences for certain etiologies.
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