https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=38741926&retmode=xml&tool=RemsenMedia&email=hello@remsenmedia.com&api_key=81853a771c3a3a2c6b2553a65bc33b056f08https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=body+composition&datetype=edat&usehistory=y&retmax=5&tool=RemsenMedia&email=hello@remsenmedia.com&api_key=81853a771c3a3a2c6b2553a65bc33b056f08https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&WebEnv=MCID_6795798a4f60a93bb8025d0e&query_key=1&retmode=xml&retmax=5&tool=RemsenMedia&email=hello@remsenmedia.com&api_key=81853a771c3a3a2c6b2553a65bc33b056f08
Background: The impact of body composition and sarcopenia in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is still unclear, even several studies have been published on this issue. Our study aims to analyze the impact of sarcopenia on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) tolerance and survival outcomes.
Methods: This is a retrospective, monocentric study where LARC patients treated between 2010 and 2020 were enrolled. A single slice, from the pre-therapy simulation computed tomography (CT) scan, was used to perform the body composition analysis with dedicated software. The primary endpoint was the impact of body composition on radiotherapy (RT) interruption secondarily on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local control (LC).
Results: The study included 628 LARC patients (40.9 % female, mean age 63.4 years): 24 % had low skeletal muscle index (SMI), 30 % had low muscle density (MD) and 17 (10.3 % of obese) were sarcopenic obese. Higher BMI (OR 2.38, 95 % CI 1.36-4.01) and lower SMI (0.73, 95 % CI 0.55-0.94) resulted as independent predictors of RT interruption. Sarcopenic obesity (HR 2.83, 95 % CI 1.24-6.45) was related to worse OS, while MD (0.96, 95 % CI 0.93-0.98), and higher SMI (0.97, 95 % CI 0.95-0.99) were related to better OS; a lower MD remained also associated even in adjusted multivariable analysis (0.96, 95 % CI0.93-0.98). Moreover, higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) resulted associated with worse DFS (1.02, 95 % CI 1.01-1.03), while higher SMI was related to better Local Control (0.96, 95 % CI 0.93-0.99).
Conclusions: Body composition analysis, particularly of muscle and fat masses, may be a useful tool for better management of LARC patients undergoing RT. Increased collaboration between radiation oncologists and clinical nutritionists is advisable, to enable early nutritional support of LARC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100789 | DOI Listing |
Pharmaceutics
January 2025
Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile.
: A previous study investigated the in vitro release of methylene blue (MB), a widely used cationic dye in biomedical applications, from nanocellulose/nanoporous silicon (NC/nPSi) composites under conditions simulating body fluids. The results showed that MB release rates varied significantly with the nPSi concentration in the composite, highlighting its potential for controlled drug delivery. To further analyze the relationship between diffusion dynamics and the MB concentration, this study developed a finite element (FE) method to solve Fick's equations governing the drug delivery system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
The aim of this study was to examine the adherence, changes in weight, and, waist circumference associated with the daily consumption of a culturally preferred food, namely an avocado, among Hispanic/Latina females in the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT). HAT was a multisite, randomized controlled trial conducted between 2018 and 2020. Participants in the Avocado-Supplemented Diet Group were provided with and instructed to consume one avocado/day (~2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
Purpose: The aims of this study were to explore the differences in total body water and hydration status among Chinese children aged 6-17 years.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented among children aged 6-17 years in China. The total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW) were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).
Nutrients
January 2025
Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant, Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (Promise) G. D'Alessandro, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia (intended as an increase in triglyceride levels and a reduction in HDL cholesterol levels), and elevated fasting glucose, that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. With the rising prevalence of metabolic syndrome, effective dietary interventions are essential in reducing these health risks. The Mediterranean diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and olive oil and moderate in fish and poultry, has shown promise in addressing metabolic syndrome and its associated components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La-Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain.
Background/objectives: recent studies have suggested that components typical of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) are associated with depression and anxiety prevention. In this sense, the main objective of this study was to analyse the associations between adherence to the MedDiet and depression and anxiety symptoms and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by lean mass and the muscle strength index (MSI).
Methods: a cross-sectional study (based on data obtained from the Nuts4Brain-Z study) was conducted from 2023-2024, involving 428 university students, aged 18-30 years, from a Spanish public university.
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