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Preliminary characterisation of the spatial immune and vascular environment in triple negative basal breast carcinomas using multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Triple negative breast cancers often contain higher numbers of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with other breast cancer subtypes, with their number correlating with prolonged survival. Since little is known about tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte trafficking in triple negative breast cancers, we investigated the relationship between tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and the vascular compartment to better understand the immune tumour microenvironment in this aggressive cancer type. We aimed to identify mechanisms and signaling pathways responsible for immune cell trafficking in triple negative breast cancers, specifically of basal type, that could potentially be manipulated to change such tumours from immune "cold" to "hot" thereby increasing the likelihood of successful immunotherapy in this challenging patient population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong, Synthetic Type 8 Capsular Oligosaccharides Reveal Structural Epitopes for Effective Immune Recognition.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
is a Gram-positive bacterium that is responsible for severe nosocomial infections. The rise of multidrug-resistant strains, which can pose significant health threats, prompts the development of new treatment interventions, and much attention has been directed at the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination strategies. Capsular polysaccharides (CPs) are key protective elements of the cell wall and have been proposed as promising candidate antigens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecommendations For Mobilization and Manipulation Treatment and Screening for Vascular Complications in Clinical Practice Guidelines for Neck Pain: A Systematic Review.
Phys Ther
January 2025
SOMT University of Physiotherapy, Amersfoort, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Objective: This systematic review aimed to determine the methodological quality of international clinical practice guidelines and the clinical credibility and implementability of recommendations regarding manipulation or mobilization treatment recommendations proposed in clinical practice guidelines for the management of people with neck pain. A secondary aim of this review was to provide an overview of recommendations for manipulation or mobilization in patients with neck pain. Manipulation or mobilization treatment of patients with neck pain is under debate for its potential risk of serious adverse events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistory of the medical licensure system in Korea from the late 1800s to 1992.
J Educ Eval Health Prof
January 2025
Department of the History of Medicine and Medical Humanities, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
The introduction of modern Western medicine in the late 19th century, notably through vaccination initiatives, marked the beginning of governmental involvement in medical licensure, with the licensing of doctors who performed vaccinations. The establishment of the national medical school "Euihakkyo" in 1899 further formalized medical education and licensure, granting graduates the privilege to practice medicine without additional examinations. The enactment of the Regulations on Doctors in 1900 by the Joseon government aimed to define doctor qualifications, including modern and traditional practitioners, comprehensively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators on enteric viral pathogens among under-5 children in low resource settings.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are the primary risks of exposure to enteric viral infection. Our study aimed to describe the role of WASH conditions and practices as risk factors for enteric viral infections in children under 5. Literature on the risk factors associated with all-cause diarrhea masks the taxa-specific drivers of diarrhea from specific pathogens, limiting the application of relevant control strategies.
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