Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder that mainly affects bone and cartilage architecture. The continuous use of NSAIDs and DMARDs is associated with severe toxic effects. Therefore, the current study was designed to scrutinize herb-based therapy for the treatment of RA.
Aim: To evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of ethanol extract of Ziziphus nummularia using formaldehyde-induced arthritic model in rats and elucidate the possible mechanism for anti-arthritic activity.
Materials And Methods: Anti-arthritic activity of ETZN was studied at three oral doses, i.e., 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg. Selected doses were studied using various clinical parameters viz. paw volume, inflammatory index, motility test, stair test, anti-nociceptive efficacy, walking track analysis, and motor activity) from day 1 to day 10. On the last day, the animals were killed for the evaluation of hematological parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, and histological and radiographic studies of the hind paw.
Results: Treatment with ETZN 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg markedly elicited a significant reduction in paw volume, inflammatory index, and nociceptive action compared to diseased animals. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed by increased latency of pain threshold in thermal and mechanical algesia models. The anti-arthritic activity is mainly attributed to a reduction in oxidative stress biomarkers as well as restoration of haematological profile in treated animals when compared to diseased animals. Lastly, the anti-arthritic potential was confirmed by histological and radiological analysis which revealed a marked reduction in inflammatory cells and bone destruction as compared to diseased animals.
Conclusion: The study revealed that ETZN exhibits significant anti-arthritic activity via modulation of oxidative stress biomarkers, restoration of hematological profile, and reduction in bone erosion.
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Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01377-9 | DOI Listing |
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