J Biomed Opt
Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States.
Published: June 2024
Significance: Achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is a significant predictor of increased likelihood of survival in breast cancer patients. Early prediction of pCR is of high clinical value as it could allow personalized adjustment of treatment regimens in non-responding patients for improved outcomes.
Aim: We aim to assess the association between hemoglobin-based functional imaging biomarkers derived from diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and the pathological outcome represented by pCR at different timepoints along the course of NACT.
Approach: Twenty-two breast cancer patients undergoing NACT were enrolled in a multimodal DOT and X-ray digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) imaging study in which their breasts were imaged at different compression levels. Logistic regressions were used to study the associations between DOT-derived imaging markers evaluated after the first and second cycles of chemotherapy, respectively, with pCR status determined after the conclusion of NACT at the time of surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was also used to explore the predictive performance of selected DOT-derived markers.
Results: Normalized tumor HbT under half compression was significantly lower in the pCR group compared to the non-pCR group after two chemotherapy cycles (). In addition, the change in normalized tumor upon reducing compression from full to half mammographic force was identified as another potential indicator of pCR at an earlier time point, i.e., after the first chemo cycle (). Exploratory predictive assessments showed that AUCs using DOT-derived functional imaging markers as predictors reach as high as 0.75 and 0.71, respectively, after the first and second chemo cycle, compared to AUCs of 0.50 and 0.53 using changes in tumor size measured on DBT and MRI.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that breast DOT could be used to assist response assessment in women undergoing NACT, a critical but unmet clinical need, and potentially enable personalized adjustments of treatment regimens.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.29.6.066001 | DOI Listing |
Heart Rhythm O2
December 2024
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Background: It remains unclear whether the newly adopted high-power, short-duration (HP-SD) setting in ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) impacts periprocedural thrombotic markers or silent stroke (SS) onset.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical impact of HP-SD setting ablation on changes in periprocedural thrombotic markers and the onset of SS.
Methods: We enrolled 101 AF patients: the HP-SD group (n = 67) using 50 W and the conventional ablation group (n = 34) using 30 to 40 W.
Breast Cancer (Auckl)
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Background: Circulating rare cells participate in breast cancer evolution as systemic components of the disease and thus, are a source of theranostic information. Exploration of cancer-associated rare cells is in its infancy.
Objectives: We aimed to investigate and classify abnormalities in the circulating rare cell population among early-stage breast cancer patients using fluorescence marker identification and cytomorphology.
J Mol Cell Cardiol Plus
September 2024
O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3065, Australia.
Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a mitochondrial fission protein and a viable target for cardioprotection against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Here, we reported a novel Drp1 inhibitor (DRP1i1), delivered using a cardiac-targeted nanoparticle drug delivery system, as a more effective approach for achieving acute cardioprotection. DRP1i1 was encapsulated in cubosome nanoparticles with conjugated cardiac-homing peptides (NanoDRP1i1) and the encapsulation efficiency was 99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBio Protoc
January 2025
Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (LIPhy), Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble, France.
Cell-generated forces play a critical role in driving and regulating complex biological processes, such as cell migration and division and cell and tissue morphogenesis in development and disease. Traction force microscopy (TFM) is an established technique developed in the field of mechanobiology used to quantify cellular forces exerted on soft substrates and internal mechanical tissue stresses. TFM measures cell-generated traction forces in 2D or 3D environments with varying mechanical and biochemical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Introduction: Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is an atypical and extremely infrequent type of tumor, primary mass being usually present in subcutaneous and soft tissue. Bony involvement is very rare. It has a very high chance of recurrence locally due to its aggressive biological behavior, metastasis in other parts of body is rarely seen.
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