Lead (Pb) is a nonessential heavy metal, which can cause many health problems. Isochlorogenic acid A (ICAA), a phenolic acid present in tea, fruits, vegetables, coffee, plant-based food products, and various medicinal plants, exerts multiple effects, including anti-oxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic functions. Thus, the purpose of our study was to determine if ICAA could prevent Pb-induced hepatotoxicity in ICR mice. An evaluation was performed on oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis, and related signaling. The results indicate that ICAA attenuates Pb-induced abnormal liver function. ICAA reduced liver fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress caused by Pb. ICAA abated Pb-induced fibrosis and decreased inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). ICAA abrogated reductions in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Masson staining revealed that ICAA reduced collagen fiber deposition in Pb-induced fibrotic livers. Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses showed ICAA increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) expression. ICAA also reduced the expression of collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), phosphorylated c-jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), p-p38, phosphorylated signal transducer and phosphorylated activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and p-Smad2/3 in livers of mice. Overall, ICAA ameliorates Pb-induced hepatitis and fibrosis by inhibiting the AMPK/MAPKs/NF-κB and STAT3/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathways.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfae072 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
The emergence of pandrug-resistant (PDR) and extensive drug-resistant (XDR) methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA) isolates from bovine milk samples along with biofilm formation ability and harboring various virulence genes complicates the treatment of bovine mastitis and highlights the serious threat to public health. This study investigated for the first time the frequency, antimicrobial resistance profiles, biofilm-forming ability, virulence factors, spa and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types of MRSA and VRSA isolated from clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis in Egypt. A total of 808 milk samples were collected from each quarter of 202 dairy animals, including 31 buffaloes and 171 cattle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Microbiol
November 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Conventional antibacterial compounds can inhibit the growth of microorganisms, but their adverse effects and the development of drug limit their widespread use. The current study aimed to synthesize PEG-coated UIO-66-NH nanoparticles loaded with vancomycin and amikacin (VAN/AMK-UIO-66-NH@PEG) and evaluate their antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) clinical isolates.
Methods: The VAN/AMK-UIO-66-NH@PEG were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to determine their size, polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency (EE%), zeta-potential, drug release profile, and physical stability.
Microbiol Spectr
October 2024
Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy.
is a predominant cause of infections in individuals with spinal cord stimulation (SCS) devices. Biofilm formation complicates these infections, commonly requiring both surgical and antibiotic treatments. This study explored the biofilm matrix composition and antimicrobial susceptibility of planktonic and biofilm-growing isolates from individuals with SCS-related infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Background: Daycare centres play a critical role in early childhood development but are high-risk environments for infectious disease transmission due to close physical contact, shared toys, inadequate hygiene, and poor ventilation. These risks are especially concerning in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nigeria, where resources for infection control may be limited. This study aimed to identify and characterise virulence genes in bacterial isolates from daycare centres in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, to assess infection risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Microbiol
October 2024
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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