Rosarugosides A and D from Flower Buds: Their Potential Anti-Skin-Aging Effects in TNF-α-Induced Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

This present study investigated the anti-skin-aging properties of . Initially, phenolic compounds were isolated from a hot water extract of 's flower buds. Through repeated chromatography (column chromatography, MPLC, and prep HPLC), we identified nine phenolic compounds (-), including a previously undescribed depside, rosarugoside D (). The chemical structure of 1 was elucidated via NMR, HR-MS, UV, and hydrolysis. Next, in order to identify bioactive compounds that are effective against TNF-α-induced NHDF cells, we measured intracellular ROS production in samples treated with each of the isolated compounds (-). All isolates reduced the level of ROS at a concentration of 10 μM. Particularly, two depsides-rosarugosides A and D ( and )-significantly inhibited ROS expression in TNF-α-induced NHDFs compared to the other phenolic compounds. Subsequently, the production of MMP-1 and procollagen type Ι α1 by these two depsides was examined. Remarkably, rosarugoside A () significantly decreased MMP-1 secretion at all concentrations. In contrast, rosarugoside D () regulated the expression of procollagen type Ι α1. These findings collectively suggest that extracts and their isolated compounds, rosarugosides A () and D (), hold significant potential for protecting against aging and skin damage. Overall, these findings suggest that extracts and their isolated compounds, rosarugosides A () and D (), have the potential to prevent and protect against aging and skin damage, although more specific quantitative analysis is needed.