Background: To describe high-resolution brain vessel wall MRI (VW-MRI) patterns and morphological brain findings in central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis patients.
Methods: Fourteen patients with confirmed CNS Vasculitis from two tertiary centers underwent VW-MRI using a 3T scanner. The images were reviewed by two neuroradiologists to assess vessel wall enhancement characteristics and locations.
Results: Fourteen patients were included (six females; average age 48 ± 19 years). Diagnoses included primary CNS vasculitis (PCNSV) in six patients and secondary CNS vasculitis (SCNSV) in eight, half of which were infection-related. Thirteen patients showed vessel wall enhancement, which was intense in eleven patients (84.6%) and concentric in twelve (92.3%), affecting the anterior circulation in nine patients (69.2%), posterior in two patients (15.4%), and both circulations in two patients (15.4%). The enhancement patterns were similar across different CNS vasculitis types. DWI changes corresponded with areas of vessel wall enhancement in 77% of patients. Conclusions CNS vasculitis is often associated with intense, concentric vessel wall enhancement in VW-MRI, especially in the anterior circulation. The consistent presence of DWI alterations in affected territories suggests a possible link to microembolization or hypoperfusion. These imaging findings complement parenchymal brain MRI and MRA/DSA data, potentially increasing the possibility of a clinical diagnosis of CNS vasculitis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090927 | DOI Listing |
J Child Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurol Belg
December 2024
Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
December 2024
Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (A.H., W.A., A.B.,R.W., P.R.), Department of Neuroradiology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland (P.M.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (D.J.S.,M.G., M.R.H.), Institute of Radiology, Clinic Maennedorf, Maennedorf, Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.), Department of Neurology, RHNe, Hôpital Pourtalès, Neuchâtel, Switzerland (P.M.), Department of Rheumatology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (L.C.) Translational Imaging Center (TIC), Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, Bern, Switzerland (R.W., P.R.).
Imaging can help to diagnose CNS vasculitis. Yet so far, no imaging studies of CNS vasculitis at 7T are available. We share our experience of vessel wall imaging (VWI) at 7T in patients with suspected vasculitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunol Res
December 2024
Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110019, India.
Currently, COVID-19 is still striking after 4 years of prevalence, with millions of cases and thousands of fatalities being recorded every month. The virus can impact other major organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), cardiovascular, central nervous system, renal, and hepatobiliary systems. The resulting organ dysfunction from SARS-CoV-2 may be attributed to one or a combination of mechanisms, such as direct viral toxicity, disruptions in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), thrombosis, immune dysregulation, and ischemic injury due to vasculitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
December 2024
Department of Rheumatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
We reported the diagnostic and therapeutic process of a young male patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with severe hyponatremia as the main manifestation upon admission, and analyzed and discussed the case. The patient was a 19-year-old young male with a subacute course of disease, fever ≥38.3 ℃ that could not be explained by other causes, acute and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, oral ulcers, arthritis, leukopenia (< 4×10/L), low C3+low C4, and positive anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA).
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