Toxicological evaluation and preliminary exposure assessment on glycerol monocaprylate.

Food Chem Toxicol

NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China. Electronic address:

Published: July 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study assessed the safety of glycerol monocaprylate (GMC), a common food preservative, through in vitro genotoxicity tests and a 90-day subchronic toxicity study using rats.
  • - Results showed GMC does not have genotoxic effects, and an acceptable daily intake (ADI) was determined to be 40.8 mg/kg BW/day.
  • - Daily intake of GMC for the general and consumer populations in China was found to be much lower than the ADI, indicating GMC is safe for current consumption levels.

Article Abstract

As a commonly used food preservative, glycerol monocaprylate (GMC) has limited information and lacked a comprehensive risk assessment. In this study, we conducted in vitro genotoxicity tests, a 90-day subchronic toxicity study, and dietary exposure assessment in China. Rats (n = 10/sex/group) were orally administered GMC at doses of 1.02, 2.04, and 4.08 g/kg BW/day along with a water and corn oil for 90 days, including satellite groups (n = 5/sex/group) in the control groups and 4.08 g/kg BW dose group for observation after 90 days. Body weight, food consumption, hematology, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, endocrine hormone level and other metrics were examined. GMC did not exhibit genotoxicity based on the genotoxicity tests results, and an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 40.8 mg/kg BW/day was established based on the 90-day subchronic toxicity study. Estimated daily intake of GMC for general population and consumer population in China were 0.99 mg/kg BW/day and 3.19 mg/kg BW/day respectively, which were significantly lower than the ADI. Our findings suggest that GMC does not pose a known health risk to Chinese consumers at the current usage level.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2024.114715DOI Listing

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