expression profiles and their association with clinical outcomes of breast cancer: a systemic review.

Purpose: The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 () is involved in the progression of various cancers, but its biological roles in breast cancer (BRCA) remain unclear. Therefore, we performed a systematic multiomic analysis to expound on the prognostic value and underlying mechanism of in BRCA.

Methods: We assessed the effect of expression on BRCA using a variety of bioinformatics platforms, including Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, PrognoScan database, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and R2: Kaplan-Meier scanner.

Results: was highly expressed in BRCA tumor tissue compared to normal tissue (P < 0.01). The messenger RNA levels in BRCA based on BRCA subtypes of Luminal, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and triple-negative BRCA were considerably higher than in normal tissues (P < 0.001). However, the overexpression of was associated with a better prognosis in BRCA (P < 0.001) and was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics including age, T stage, estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and prediction analysis of microarray 50 (P < 0.01). The infiltration of multiple immune cells was associated with increased expression in BRCA (P < 0.001). was highly enriched in antigen binding, immunoglobulin complexes, lymphocyte-mediated immunity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.

Conclusion: This study provides suggestive evidence of the prognostic role of in BRCA, which may be a therapeutic target for BRCA. Furthermore, may influence BRCA prognosis through antigen binding, immunoglobulin complexes, lymphocyte-mediated immunity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. These findings help us understand how plays a role in BRCA and set the stage for more research.