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Usefulness of polymerase chain reaction tests in Chagas disease studies.
Front Parasitol
February 2024
National Reference Center for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test is a highly sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostic tool for Chagas disease. Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan flagellate and is endemic to the Americas. While conventional serological methods are still used in the diagnosis of Chagas disease, they are being gradually replaced by molecular methods like PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic profiling of Plasmodium falciparum antigenic biomarkers among asymptomatic pregnant women on intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine from southwest Nigeria.
Placenta
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun, Nigeria.
Introduction: The genetic complexity of Plasmodium falciparum is contributory to the emergence of drug resistant-parasites. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) in malaria endemic settings is recommended by WHO. This study evaluated the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance-1 gene (Pfmdr-1), genetic diversity of merozoite surface proteins (msp-1, msp-2) and glutamate-rich protein (glurp) among pregnant women with sub-patent parasitaemia from southwest Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular test for screening malaria-infected blood donors to maximise recipient safety in Acre State, a Brazilian endemic area.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz
December 2024
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária / Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária, Laboratório de Referência do Ministério da Saúde para Diagnóstico de Malária na Região Extra-Amazônica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Background: Although blood transfusion is an essential therapeutic procedure, it can present risks, including transmitting infectious diseases, such as malaria. In Acre, the thick blood smear microscopic examination (TBS) is used to screen infected malaria blood donors. However, TBS has low sensitivity for detecting Plasmodium in situations of low parasitaemia, such as those presented by asymptomatic clinically healthy individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Interaction Studies of Cabamiquine:Ganaplacide Combination against Hepatic .
ACS Infect Dis
January 2025
Global Health R&D of the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Ares Trading S.A., (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Route de Crassier 1, 1262 Eysins, Switzerland.
New antimalarial combination therapies with novel modes of action are required to counter the emergence and spread of drug resistance against existing therapeutics. Here, we present a study to evaluate the preventive activity of a combination of clinical antimalarial drug candidates, cabamiquine and ganaplacide, that have multistage activity against the liver and blood stages of infection. Cabamiquine (DDD107498, M5717) inhibits parasite protein synthesis, and ganaplacide (KAF156) inhibits protein trafficking, blocks the establishment of new permeation pathways, and causes endoplasmic reticulum expansion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstimation of PfRh5-based vaccine efficacy in asymptomatic patients from high-endemic areas of Tanzania using genetic and antigenicity variation screening.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- PfRh5 has shown promise as a malaria vaccine candidate due to its key role in merozoite invasion and overall stability, with recent trials indicating its safety and effectiveness.
- A study was conducted in Tanzanian regions known for high malaria transmission to assess genetic variation and immune responses to PfRh5 in asymptomatic carriers, revealing some new mutations but overall genetic conservation.
- Results indicated variable immune response sensitivity tied to age, with the findings highlighting the importance of ongoing monitoring of vaccine efficacy and antigenic variation to improve malaria vaccine development.
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