The process of removing Ca and Mg ions typically results in the co-precipitation of Ca and Mg along with other salt waste. To improve water treatment efficiency towards a zero-waste goal, it is crucial to separate Ca and Mg, and recover them in their purified form. This study proposes a two-step electrochemical approach that separately recovers Ca as CaCO and Mg as Mg(OH). The first step uses an undivided cell with 3D electrodes and controlled flow directions to selectively precipitate CaCO on the electrode, keeping the cell removal efficiency. The second step employs a two-compartment cell with a cationic exchange membrane to recover Mg(OH). This approach was evaluated on RO reject water with high Ca to Mg ratio and industrial effluent-polluted groundwater with a low ratio. Treatment of domestic RO reject water using undivided cell specifically recovered 64% of CaCO, although the low conductivity of the RO reject water limited further Mg recovery. Conversely, treating industrial effluent-polluted groundwater with this two-step process successfully recovered 80% of CaCO and 94% of Mg(OH). SEM, EDAX, and XRD analysis confirmed the quality of the recovered products.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142212 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Volatile Sieving Using Architecturally Designed Nanochannel Lamellar Membranes in Membrane Desalination.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
Thermally driven membrane desalination processes have garnered significant interest for their potential in the treatment of hypersaline wastewater. However, achieving high rejection rates for volatiles while maintaining a high water flux remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we propose a thermo-osmosis-evaporation (TOE) system that utilizes molecular intercalation-regulated graphene oxide (GO) as the thermo-osmotic selective permeation layer, positioned on a hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) fibrous membrane serving as the thermo-evaporation layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWildfire ashes: evaluating threats on the Pantanal wetland reserve (Mato Grosso, Brazil) using ecotoxicological tests.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Program in Biodiversity and Nature Conservation (UFJF), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), University Campus, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, CEP, 36036-900, Brazil.
In 2020, the largest continuous wetland area on the planet, the Brazilian Pantanal, experienced an unprecedented fire that affected the entire ecosystem. Our goal was to elucidate the effects of ash presence following the fire events. We quantified the impact of ashes, collected in four Conservation Units, on soil, water, and atmosphere.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDual-Sided Superhydrophobic Laser-Induced Graphene Evaporator for Efficient Desalination and Brine Treatment under High Salinity.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Centre of Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
The immense energy footprint of desalination and brine treatment is a barrier to a green economy. Interfacial evaporation (IE) offers a sustainable approach to water purification by efficient energy conversion. However, conventional evaporators are susceptible to fluctuations in solar radiation and the salinity of handling liquid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeveraging almost hydrophobic PVDF membrane and in-situ ozonation in O/UF/BAC system for superior anti-fouling and rejection performance in drinking water treatment.
Water Res
January 2025
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address:
The almost hydrophobic PVDF membrane (PVDF matrix) commonly exhibited excellent performance in pollutant rejection but with poor anti-fouling performance. This study intended to develop the rejection performance and enhance anti-fouling of the PVDF membrane in an O/UF/BAC system for high quality water production through leveraging the advantages of in-situ ozonation and the nature of the PVDF membrane. Reduced density gradient (RDG) analysis demonstrated that the PVDF membrane exhibited excellent ozone resistance by reducing hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between the membrane surface and ozone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReduced graphene oxide membrane with small nanosheets for efficient and ultrafast removal of both microplastics and small molecules.
J Hazard Mater
January 2025
Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China. Electronic address:
The clogging of sieving pores due to the complex sewage system of mixed molecules and nanoparticles of different scales is a difficulty in the membrane-based separation process. When the holes are reduced to the point where they can repel small molecules in the contaminants, large-molecule contaminants can adsorb to the holes and decrease the permeability. A similar question remains in new promising graphene oxide (GO) membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!