Blood flow restriction training improves the efficacy of routine intervention in patients with chronic ankle instability.

As a new means of rehabilitation, blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is widely used in the field of musculoskeletal rehabilitation. To observe whether BFRT can improve the efficacy of routine rehabilitation intervention in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Twenty-three patients with CAI were randomly divided into a routine rehabilitation group (RR Group) and a routine rehabilitation ​+ ​blood flow restriction training group (RR ​+ ​BFRT Group) according to the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) score. The RR Group was treated with routine rehabilitation means for intervention, and the RR ​+ ​BFRT Group was treated with a tourniquet to restrict lower limb blood flow for rehabilitation training based on routine training. Before and after the intervention, the CAIT score on the affected side, standing time on one leg with eyes closed, comprehensive scores of the Y-balance test, and surface electromyography data of tibialis anterior (TA) and peroneus longus (PL) were collected to evaluate the recovery of the subjects. Patients were followed up 1 year after the intervention. After 4 weeks of intervention, the RR ​+ ​BFRT Group CAIT score was significantly higher than the RR Group (19.33 VS 16.73,  ​< ​0.05), the time of standing on one leg with eyes closed and the comprehensive score of Y-balance were improved, but there was no statistical difference between groups ( ​> ​0.05). RR ​+ ​BFRT Group increased the muscle activation of the TA with maximum exertion of the ankle dorsal extensor ( ​< ​0.05) and had no significant change in the muscle activation of the PL with maximum exertion of the ankle valgus ( ​> ​0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of resprains within 1 year between the groups (36.36% VS 16.67%,  ​> ​0.05). The incidence of ankle pain in the RR ​+ ​BFRT Group was lower than that in the RR Group (63.64% VS 9.09%,  ​< ​0.01). Therefore, four-weeks BFRT improves the effect of the routine intervention, and BFRT-related interventions are recommended for CAI patients with severe ankle muscle mass impairment or severe pain.