Concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury causing temporary neurologic dysfunction. Symptoms following concussion are variable and generally are expected to resolve within about 1 month, but some patients experience persistent and prolonged symptoms. An early return to safe, symptom-limited activity is now favored, using targeted rehabilitation and treatments. Accommodations may be needed to facilitate return-to-school and work following concussion. Athletes should not be cleared for a full return to sport until they have recovered from a concussion and completed a return-to-play progression, in addition to returning to work/school fully.
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Severity of Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Depends on Microglial Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide.
Eur J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common cerebral incidences worldwide. Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries occurring, for example, in athletes or victims of abuse, can cause chronic neurodegeneration due to neuroinflammation, in which the crosstalk between reactive astrocytes and activated microglia is crucial for modulating neuronal damage. The inducible enzyme heme oxygenase-1 and its product carbon monoxide are known to be ascribed neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoping is a moderator of relationships between cognitive fatigue and cognitive variability in multiple sclerosis.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc
January 2025
UMass Chan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Worcester, MA, USA.
Objective: Mean levels of cognitive functioning typically do not show an association with self-reported cognitive fatigue in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but some studies indicate that has an association with cognitive fatigue. Additionally, coping has been shown to be a powerful moderator of some outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, however, coping has not been considered as a possible moderator of the relationship between cognitive fatigue and cognitive in MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociations among perceived stress and mindfulness on post-concussion cognitive and mental health outcomes in young adults with a concussion history.
Brain Inj
January 2025
Matthew Gfeller Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Background: Despite evidence suggesting perceived stress negatively impacts post-concussion outcomes and that mindfulness may improve that relationship, research has not investigated those connections.
Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included 80 young adults with a concussion history who completed a single study visit including the following measures: 1) demographics and concussion, mental health, and mindfulness histories; 2) perceived stress [Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10)]; 3) mindfulness [Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)]; and 4) post-concussion cognitive and mental health outcomes - neurocognitive performance (CNS Vital Signs), psychological symptoms [Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18)], and QOL [Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®)]. First, separate regression models determined the association among perceived stress and post-concussion cognitive and mental health outcomes.
Association between magnetic resonance imaging use and recovery time following concussion: a CARE consortium study.
Res Sports Med
January 2025
CARE Consortium, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Researchers may implement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate neurophysiological metrics (e.g. connectivity) in athletes with sports-related concussion (SRC).
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