BREATHE-T1D: Using iterative mixed methods to adapt a mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Design and development.

Background: Negative affect is prevalent among adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and may impact diabetes self-management and outcomes through stress-related behaviors such as disordered eating.

Methods: We describe the development of and design for the adaptation of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for adolescents with T1D and negative affect. BREATHE-T1D is an MBI designed to target negative affect that has been tailored to address the unique lived experiences of adolescents with T1D. Qualitative interviews with stakeholders and participants were used to inform iterative adaptations to the intervention and control curricula over the course of the study. The primary aim of this paper is to describe the design, development, and protocol of the present pilot feasibility trial.

Conclusions: Iterative, qualitative methodology throughout the adaptation of an intervention is important for ensuring the resulting intervention is relevant and meaningful for the target population.

Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT05268393.