AI Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed the relationship between dietary carotenoid intake and obesity risk in 851 overweight participants compared to 754 normal-weight controls, using food-frequency questionnaires for data collection.
- Logistic regression showed that certain carotenoids, especially provitamin A and astaxanthin, were linked to lower odds of overweight/obesity, while lycopene was associated with higher odds.
- The results suggest that consuming fruits and vegetables rich in provitamin A carotenoids may help reduce inflammation and obesity risk, highlighting the importance of different carotenoids and their roles in health.
Article Abstract
This investigation assessed associations between dietary carotenoid intake and the odds of overweight/obesity, as well as inflammatory/oxidative stress biomarkers, in 851 participants with overweight/obesity (BMI ≥25 kg m) and 754 normal-weight controls. A 124-item food-frequency-questionnaire (FFQ) and food composition databases were employed to estimate carotenoid intake. Binary logistic regressions assessed the association of carotenoid intake with the odds of overweight/obesity, adjusting for several potential confounders. Multiple linear regression models revealed associations between carotenoid intake and biomarkers (anthropometrics, blood lipids, inflammation, antioxidant status). Logistic regression models adjusted for various confounders and fruits and vegetables showed protective associations for provitamin A carotenoids (, β-carotene + α-carotene + β-cryptoxanthin; odds ratio (OR): 0.655, = 0.041) and astaxanthin (OR: 0.859, = 0.017). Similarly adjusted multiple linear regressions revealed significant associations between several carotenoids and lower levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and increased IL-10 and total antioxidant capacity. Further analysis revealed that lycopene was significantly associated with increased odds of overweight/obesity (OR: 1.595, = 0.032) in a model adjusted for various confounders and vegetables (, unadjusted for fruits). A protective association between the sum of provitamin A carotenoid and astaxanthin dietary intake and the odds of having overweight/obesity was found. The findings that carotenoids other than lycopene were not or inversely associated with the odds of overweight/obesity may point toward differentiating effects of various carotenoids or their associations with different food groups. Provitamin A rich food items including fruits and vegetables appear to be a prudent strategy to reduce inflammation and the odds of having overweight/obesity.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3fo05648a | DOI Listing |
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