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Neuroinflammation in the Rat Brain After Exposure to Diagnostic Ultrasound. | LitMetric

Neuroinflammation in the Rat Brain After Exposure to Diagnostic Ultrasound.

Ultrasound Med Biol

Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address:

Published: June 2024

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Objective: To date there have been no studies exploring the potential for neuroinflammation as an intracranial bio-effect associated with diagnostic ultrasound during neonatal cranial scans in a mammalian in vivo model. The study described here was aimed at investigating the effects of B-mode and Doppler mode ultrasound on inflammation in the rat brain.

Methods: Twelve Wistar rats (7-9 wk old) were divided into a control group and an ultrasound-exposed group (n = 6/group). A craniotomy was performed, followed by 10 min of B-mode and spectral Doppler interrogation of the middle cerebral artery. The control group was subjected to sham treatment, with the transducer held stationary over the craniotomy site, but the ultrasound machine switched off. Animals were euthanized 48 h after exposure, and the brains formalin fixed for immunohistochemical analysis using allograft inflammatory factor 1 (IBA-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as markers of microglia and astrocytes, respectively. The numbers of IBA-1- and GFAP-immunoreactive cells were manually counted and expressed as areal density (cells/mm). Results were analyzed using Student's unpaired t-test and one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results: The ultrasound-exposed brain exhibited significant increases in IBA-1 and GFAP immunoreactive cell density in all regions of B-mode and Doppler mode exposure compared with the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Ten minutes of B-mode and Doppler mode ultrasound may induce neuroinflammatory changes in the rat brain. This suggests that exposure of brain tissue to current diagnostic ultrasound intensities may not be completely without risk.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.02.007DOI Listing

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