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Reshaping computational neuropsychiatry beyond synaptopathy.
Brain
January 2025
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, CHU de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France; Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229 CNRS & Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France.
Computational neuropsychiatry is a leading discipline to explain psychopathology in terms of neuronal message passing, distributed processing, and belief propagation in neuronal networks. Active Inference (AI) has been one of the ways of representing this dysfunctional signal processing. It involves that all neuronal processing and action selection can be explained by maximizing Bayesian model evidence, or minimizing variational free energy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science.
Npj Health Syst
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA.
This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the role of T cells in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases: Emerging therapeutic insights from the T Cells in the Brain symposium.
Alzheimers Dement
January 2025
Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
This proceedings article summarizes the inaugural "T Cells in the Brain" symposium held at Columbia University. Experts gathered to explore the role of T cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Key topics included characterization of antigen-specific immune responses, T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, microbial etiology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and microglia-T cell crosstalk, with a focus on how T cells affect neuroinflammation and AD biomarkers like amyloid beta and tau.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity, like fMRI, at the brain surface, using more-lightweight equipment that circumvents ergonomic and logistical limitations of fMRI. HD-DOT grids have smaller inter-optode spacing (~ 13 mm) than sparse fNIRS (~ 30 mm) and therefore provide higher image quality, with spatial resolution ~ 1/2 that of fMRI, when using the several source-detector distances (13-40 mm) afforded by the HD-DOT grid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDissociating social reward learning and behavior in alcohol use disorder.
Transl Psychiatry
January 2025
Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with deficits in social cognition and behavior, but why these deficits are acquired is unknown. We hypothesized that a reduced association between actions and outcomes for others, i.e.
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