Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from biological treatment units are challenging wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to their wide applications and global warming. This study aimed to reduce GHG emissions (especially NO) using a gas circulation strategy in a closed sequencing-batch reactor when the biological unit varies from activated sludge (AS) to aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Results show that gas circulation lowers pH to 6.3 ± 0.2, facilitating regular granules but elevating total NO production. From AS to AGS, NO emission factor increased (0.07-0.86 %) due to decreasing ammonia-oxidizing rates while the emissions of CO (0.3 ± 0.1 kg-CO/kg-chemical oxygen demand) and CH remained in the closed biosystem. The gas circulation decreased NO emission factor by 63 ± 15 % after granulation higher than 44 ± 34 % before granulation, which is implemented by heterotrophic denitrification. This study provides a feasible strategy to enhance heterotrophic NO elimination in the biological WWTPs.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130748 | DOI Listing |
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