AI Article Synopsis

  • * MA30-infected C57BL/6 mice showed severe lung inflammation and edema, similar to what severe COVID-19 patients experience, while K18-ACE2 mice had different inflammation patterns.
  • * The research highlights the importance of T and B cells for an effective immune response against SARS-CoV-2, as their depletion led to worse infection outcomes, whereas NK cells had a minimal effect during the acute phase.

Article Abstract

This study investigates the roles of T, B, and Natural Killer (NK) cells in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19, utilizing mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2-MA30 (MA30). To evaluate this MA30 mouse model, we characterized MA30-infected C57BL/6 mice (B6) and compared them with SARS-CoV-2-WA1 (an original SARS-CoV-2 strain) infected K18-human ACE2 () mice. We found that the infected B6 mice developed severe peribronchial inflammation and rapid severe pulmonary edema, but less lung interstitial inflammation than the infected mice. These pathological findings recapitulate some pathological changes seen in severe COVID-19 patients. Using this MA30-infected mouse model, we further demonstrate that T and/or B cells are essential in mounting an effective immune response against SARS-CoV-2. This was evident as showed heightened vulnerability to infection and inhibited viral clearance. Conversely, the depletion of NK cells did not significantly alter the disease course in mice, underscoring the minimal role of NK cells in the acute phase of MA30-induced disease. Together, our results indicate that T and/or B cells, but not NK cells, mitigate MA30-induced disease in mice and the infected mouse model can be used for dissecting the pathogenesis and immunology of severe COVID-19.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11054502PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16040611DOI Listing

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