Non-accidental trauma (NAT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for children around the world and most significantly impacts children under one year of age. Prompt and comprehensive treatment of these children relies on a high index of suspicion from any medical provider that treats pediatric patients. This review discusses those most at risk for experiencing NAT, and common initial presentations, to assist providers in the identification of potential victims. In addition, this review provides guidance on the recommended workup for these patients so that the full extent of associated injuries may be identified and the appropriate healthcare team may be assembled.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11049109 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children11040413 | DOI Listing |
Pediatr Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100374, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0374, USA.
Purpose: To evaluate whether adult and pediatric trauma center status, as well as the presence of dedicated child protection teams, influences radiology resident performance in detecting non-accidental trauma on the Emergent/Critical Care Imaging Simulation (WIDI SIM) exam.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 639 WIDI SIM exam scores for four pediatric non-accidental trauma cases completed by radiology residents across 33 programs. Residents were stratified by level (R1-R4) and institutional factors, including adult trauma center status, pediatric trauma center status, and child protection team presence.
Child Abuse Negl
January 2025
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, United States of America. Electronic address:
Background: Identifying non-accidental trauma (NAT) in pediatric trauma patients is challenging. We developed a machine learning model that uses demographic characteristics and ICD10 codes to detect the first diagnosis of NAT.
Methods: We analyzed data from the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (2015-2020) for patients aged 0-19 years.
J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatric, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
A prominent subarachnoid space (SAS) in infants under 24 months is a very common finding and is a normal variant that can be associated with macrocephaly. This must be differentiated from various pathological conditions that also cause a prominent SAS, including a reduction in brain volume, obstruction to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or malformations of the skull. The inappropriate labelling of normal SAS prominence as enlargement due to pathology and misrepresentation of published literature by some author groups has created confusion medicolegally, contributing to inappropriate conclusions that a normal prominent SAS may cause subdural haemorrhage (SDH) and brain injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open Qual
January 2025
Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA.
Background: Based on the presenting injury, patients undergoing abuse evaluation may be managed by different specialties. Our local child abuse specialist expressed concern over the variability in evaluation of patients presenting with injuries concerning for non-accidental trauma (NAT). The aim of this quality improvement project was to increase the percentage of patients for whom there is a concern for NAT who receive a guideline-adherent evaluation from 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Vet Sci
December 2024
Department of Applied Animal Science and Welfare, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Research has established a link between animal abuse and domestic violence (the Link), where the perpetrator uses the animal to control the human victim. Veterinarians are exposed to both vulnerable animals and humans, playing a crucial role in detecting and handling these cases. A study using an online survey was conducted in 2019, exploring the awareness of Swedish veterinarians regarding Non-accidental-injuries (NAI in animals, the Link between animal abuse and domestic violence and how to handle such cases.
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