This study investigates the combined effects of the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor (NPY1R) agonist [Leu31-Pro34]NPY at a dose of 132 µg and Ketamine at 10 mg/Kg on cognitive functions and neuronal proliferation, against a backdrop where neurodegenerative diseases present an escalating challenge to global health systems. Utilizing male rats in a physiological model, this research employed a single-dose administration of these compounds and assessed their impact 24 h after treatment on object-in-place memory tasks, alongside cellular proliferation within the dorsal hippocampus dentate gyrus. Methods such as the in situ proximity ligation assay and immunohistochemistry for proliferating a cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and doublecortin (DCX) were utilized. The results demonstrated that co-administration significantly enhanced memory consolidation and increased neuronal proliferation, specifically neuroblasts, without affecting quiescent neural progenitors and astrocytes. These effects were mediated by the potential formation of NPY1R-TrkB heteroreceptor complexes, as suggested by receptor co-localization studies, although further investigation is required to conclusively prove this interaction. The findings also highlighted the pivotal role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mediating these effects. In conclusion, this study presents a promising avenue for enhancing cognitive functions and neuronal proliferation through the synergistic action of the NPY1R agonist and Ketamine, potentially via NPY1R-TrkB heteroreceptor complex formation, offering new insights into therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13080669 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Section on Perception, Cognition, Action, Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
To what extent does concept formation require language? Here, we exploit color to address this question and ask whether macaque monkeys have color concepts evident as categories. Macaques have similar cone photoreceptors and central visual circuits to humans, yet they lack language. Whether Old World monkeys such as macaques have consensus color categories is unresolved, but if they do, then language cannot be required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
Cognition relies on transforming sensory inputs into a generalizable understanding of the world. Mirror neurons have been proposed to underlie this process, mapping visual representations of others' actions and sensations onto neurons that mediate our own, providing a conduit for understanding. However, this theory has limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Background: Motor imagery is the mental representation of a movement without physical execution. When motor imagery is performed to enhance motor learning and performance, participants must reach a temporal congruence between the imagined and actual movement execution. Identifying factors that can influence this capacity could enhance the effectiveness of motor imagery programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
The utilization of manure resources is an important measure to promote the development of agricultural green low-carbon cycle and solve the challenges associated with the current large-scale development of the livestock and poultry breeding industry. Based on the survey data of pig farmers in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of pig breeding scale and technical cognition on the utilization behavior of livestock and poultry manure resources of pig farmers. The binary Logit model and the moderating effect model are used to deeply explore the scale effect of breeding scale on the utilization behavior of pig farmers' manure resources, and the moderating effect of technical cognition on the influence of breeding scale on the utilization behavior of manure resources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Phys Ther
January 2025
Department of Physical Therapy, Ellmer College of Health Sciences, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia (Dr Khurana); Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (Dr Lewis); School of Exercise Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia (Dr Russell); Sykes Chair of Pediatric Physical Therapy, Health, and Development, University of Southern California, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Los Angeles, California (Dr Dusing); Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India (Dr Krishna Rao).
Purpose: Investigate the effect of structured neonatal physical therapy program (SNP) on neurodevelopmental outcomes of moderate and late preterm (MLP) infants.
Methods: Sixty MLP infants were randomly allocated to usual care (UC) or SNP. A previous publication reported the effect of neonatal component of SNP at hospital discharge.
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