During December 11, 2020-March 29, 2022, the US government delivered ≈700 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine to vaccination sites, resulting in vaccination of ≈75% of US adults during that period. We evaluated accessibility of vaccination sites. Sites were accessible by walking within 15 minutes by 46.6% of persons, 30 minutes by 74.8%, 45 minutes by 82.8%, and 60 minutes by 86.7%. When limited to populations in counties with high social vulnerability, accessibility by walking was 55.3%, 81.1%, 86.7%, and 89.4%, respectively. By driving, lowest accessibility was 96.5% at 15 minutes. For urban/rural categories, the 15-minute walking accessibility between noncore and large central metropolitan areas ranged from 27.2% to 65.1%; driving accessibility was 79.9% to 99.5%. By 30 minutes driving accessibility for all urban/rural categories was >95.9%. Walking time variations across jurisdictions and between urban/rural areas indicate that potential gains could have been made by improving walkability or making transportation more readily available.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid3005.230357 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated shutdowns disrupted healthcare access and resulted in decreased cancer screenings. Cancer diagnosis delays have concerning downstream effects on late-stage cancer, especially for marginalized populations.
Methods: The study population included 349,458 adults in the California Cancer Registry diagnosed with cancer between January 2019 and December 2021, during which California experienced two stay-at-home orders.
Open Forum Infect Dis
October 2024
Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Health-seeking behavior and health care access (HSB/HCA) are recognized confounders in many observational studies but are not directly measurable in electronic health records. We used proxy markers of HSB/HCA to quantify and adjust for confounding in observational studies of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE).
Methods: This cohort study used primary care data prelinked to secondary care and death data in England.
PLOS Glob Public Health
August 2024
Partners for Health and Development in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
Violence, alcohol use, substance use and poor mental health have been linked with increased HIV acquisition risk, and genital inflammation enhances HIV susceptibility. We examined whether past 6 month experience of these exposures was associated with increased genital inflammation, thereby providing a biological link between these exposures and HIV acquisition risk. The Maisha Fiti study was a longitudinal mixed-methods study of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Glob Public Health
August 2024
Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministry of Health, Marracuene, Mozambique.
In sub-Saharan Africa, reported COVID-19 numbers have been lower than anticipated, even when considering populations' younger age. The extent to which risk factors, established in industrialised countries, impact the risk of infection and of disease in populations in sub-Saharan Africa, remains unclear. We estimated the incidence of mild and moderate COVID-19 in urban Mozambique and analysed factors associated with infection and disease in a population-based surveillance study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Health Sci J
March 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania.
Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic there have been a drastic decrease in hospitalizations for non-Covid conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trend in hospitalizations for obstetrical conditions during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods: For this study there we used electronical data base in order to search for all the obstetrical patients that were hospitalized in a tertiary maternity, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Craiova, during the pre-pandemic period (between March - December 2019), during pandemics (2020 March - December, 2021 March - December) and post pandemics (2022 March - December).
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