Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is important in maintaining central and peripheral immune tolerance in normal tissues, mediating tumor immune escape and keeping the balance between anti- and pro-inflammatory responses. Inflammation plays an important role in inflammatory lung diseases. This article reviews the research progress and potential clinical value of PD-L1 in inflammatory lung diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Pharmaceutics
December 2024
Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
Lung cancer remains a major global health problem because of its high cancer-related mortality rate despite advances in therapeutic approaches. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a major subtype of lung cancer, is more amenable to surgical intervention in its early stages. However, the prognosis for advanced NSCLC remains poor, owing to limited treatment options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
December 2024
Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
: Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disorder affecting patients in intensive care with high mortality. No specific pharmacological treatment is available. L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
January 2025
Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
The lung is a vital organ for the body as the main source of oxygen input. Importantly, it is also an internal organ that has direct contact with the outside world. Innate immunity is a vital protective system in various organs, whereas, in the case of the lung, it helps maintain a healthy, functioning cellular and molecular environment and prevents any overt damage caused by pathogens or other inflammatory processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Pneumonia caused by infection (PCP) is a potentially life-threatening illness, particularly affecting the immunocompromised. The past two decades have shown an increase in PCP incidence; however, the underlying factors that promote disease severity and fatality have yet to be fully elucidated. Recent evidence suggests that the microbiota of the respiratory tract may play a role in stimulating or repressing pulmonary inflammation, as well as the progression of both bacterial and viral pneumonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece.
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is an inflammatory autoimmune process caused by onconeural antibodies directed against cerebellar Purkinje cells. In most cases, prognosis is poor as disease progression leads to pancerebellar dysfunction and permanent neurological damage. Through this case report, we aim to highlight the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, and therapeutic implications associated with PCD secondary to SCLC.
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