In 2014, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) introduced the Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV) guidelines to establish standards for extracellular vesicle (EV) research. These guidelines aimed to enhance reliability and reproducibility, addressing the expanding field of EV science. EVs, membrane-bound particles released by cells, play crucial roles in intercellular communication and are potential biomarkers for various conditions. Over the years, the EV landscape witnessed a surge in publications, emphasizing their roles in cancer and immune modulation. In response, the MISEV guidelines underwent evolution, leading to the MISEV2018 update. This version, generated through community outreach, provided a comprehensive framework for EV research methodologies, emphasizing separation, characterization, reporting standards, and community engagement. The MISEV2018 guidelines reflected responsiveness to feedback, acknowledging the evolving EV research landscape. The guidelines served as a testament to the commitment of the scientific community to rigorous standards and the collective discernment of experts. The present article compares previous MISEV guidelines with its 2023 counterpart, highlighting advancements, changes, and impacts on EV research standardization. The 2023 guidelines build upon the 2018 principles, offering new recommendations for emerging areas. This comparative exploration contributes to understanding the transformative journey in EV research, emphasizing MISEV's pivotal role and the scientific community's adaptability to challenges.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.04.002 | DOI Listing |
BJS Open
December 2024
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Background: While most thyroid nodules are benign, 7-15% are malignant. Patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules (specifically Bethesda IV/Thy3f) often undergo diagnostic hemithyroidectomy to reach a diagnosis on final histology. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of circulating large extracellular vesicles as diagnostic biomarkers in patients presenting with Thy3f thyroid nodules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergol Immunopathol (Madr)
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zheiiang, China.
To illustrate the potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) in mitigating septic lung injury by reducing the excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a mouse model of septic lung injury was induced through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mice received intraperitoneal injections of MSC-Exos. Post injection, pathological alterations of the lung tissue were evaluated through HE staining, and the levels of inflammatory markers in each mouse group at various time points were assessed using ELISA kits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
Background: Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is a common neuropathologic finding at advanced age that associates with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and is often comorbid with AD pathology. Neuroimaging measurements of LATE-NC-associated limbic degeneration have been proposed as indirect biomarkers, but molecular-specific biomarkers for LATE-NC are still lacking. Here we used combined ante-mortem blood and MRI data to study TDP-43 levels in plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV-TDP-43) and hippocampal volume (HV) in relation to LATE-NC and HS at autopsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study introduces the Automated High-purity Exosome isolation-based AD diagnostics system (AHEADx). By analyzing and understanding the molecular cargo (proteins and miRNAs) carried by circulating exosomes, researchers found brain-derived exosome (BDE) levels of P-S396-tau, P-T181-tau, and Aβ1-42 are elevated up to 10 years prior to clinical symptoms. Currently, there is no available technology capable of simultaneously isolating and screening exosomal biomarkers for efficient and personalized precision medicine giving early AD diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, with chronic inflammation and synaptic dysfunction playing a significant contributor to disease progression and cognitive decline. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are implicated in AD progression by facilitating the spread of pathological proteins and inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates the role of plasma-derived sEVs (PsEVs) in synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation and their association with amyloid-β and tau pathologies in AD progression.
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